Pervaporation MCQ Explained

Q68.Pervaporation is (1) Ion removal (2) Separation of liquids (3) Separation of solids (4) Water purification

Q68.Pervaporation is

(1) Ion removal
(2) Separation of liquids
(3) Separation of solids
(4) Water purification

Pervaporation MCQ: Correct Answer and Detailed Explanation

Pervaporation is a key membrane separation process used in chemical engineering. The correct answer to the query is option (2) Separation of liquids.

Correct Answer

Pervaporation is (2) Separation of liquids.​

This process involves partial vaporization of a liquid mixture through a non-porous or porous membrane, selectively permeating one component while retaining others. It excels at separating liquid mixtures like ethanol-water azeotropes or organic solvents, offering an energy-efficient alternative to distillation.

Option Breakdown

Option Description Why Incorrect/Correct
(1) Ion removal Focuses on extracting charged particles from solutions, typical of ion exchange or electrodialysis. Incorrect; pervaporation targets neutral molecules in liquids, not ions. ​
(2) Separation of liquids Partial vaporization through membranes to separate liquid mixtures based on transport differences. Correct; primary use for dehydrating solvents or breaking azeotropes.
(3) Separation of solids Involves filtration or centrifugation for solid-liquid or solid-solid mixtures. Incorrect; pervaporation requires liquid feeds, not solids. ​
(4) Water purification Broad term including filtration, reverse osmosis, or UV treatment for contaminants. Incorrect; while pervaporation can dehydrate organics, it’s not general water purification. ​
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