Category: DBT BET JRF 2023 Previous Year Questions and Video solutions

Category: DBT BET JRF 2023 Previous Year Questions and Video solutions

DBT BET JRF 2023 Previous Year Questions and Solutions

The DBT BET JRF (Department of Biotechnology – Biotechnology Eligibility Test) is one of the most competitive exams for securing a Junior Research Fellowship in the field of Biotechnology. Preparing with previous year questions (PYQs) is essential for understanding the exam pattern and improving your problem-solving skills.

Let’s Talk Academy, India’s leading institute for CSIR NET Life Science, GATE Biotechnology, IIT JAM, and DBT JRF preparation, provides a comprehensive collection of DBT BET JRF 2023 Previous Year Questions along with detailed video solutions to help you ace the exam.

Why Practicing DBT BET JRF Previous Year Questions is Important?

Understand the Exam Pattern – Get familiar with the type of questions and marking scheme.
Identify Key Topics – Focus on high-weightage topics to maximize your score.
Improve Time Management – Practicing under timed conditions enhances your speed and accuracy.
Boost Confidence – Solving actual exam questions reduces exam anxiety and builds confidence.

 

DBT BET JRF 2023 Previous Year Questions with Video Solutions

Let’s Talk Academy provides access to a detailed question bank of DBT BET JRF 2023 along with step-by-step video solutions.

These solutions cover:
Detailed explanations of concepts
Alternative approaches to solving problems
Expert tips for tackling tricky questions

Which of the following statements is NOT true for penicillin production using Penicillium notatum? 1. Penicillin is a secondary metabolite 2. Penicillin is recovered from the fermented broth by solvent extraction. 3. The process is carried out in fed batch mode 4. The process follows growth associated product formation kinetics.

Understanding Penicillin Production Using Penicillium notatum

Statement I: CpG islands are sequences present in eukaryotic DNA. Statement II: Promoter regions of many expressed genes in eukaryotes are generally enriched in CpG islands.

Understanding CpG Islands and Their Role in Gene Expression

The RecA protein is involved in 1. Transposition 2. Recombination 3. Replication 4. Transcription

The Role of RecA Protein in Genetic Processes

Megakaryocytes are the major source of 1. Erythrocytes 2. Monocytes 3. Macrophages 4. Platelets

Megakaryocytes and Their Role in Platelet Production

Which is the most common side effect of beta-lactam antibiotics? 1. Allergic reaction 2. Yellowing of teeth 3. Headache 4. Hearing loss

Most Common Side Effect of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics

Among the following, the feature that does NOT contribute to host tropism in bacterial pathogenesis is 1. Genomic information of pathogen 2. Genomic information of host 3. Body temperature of the host 4. Adhesins and pilins of pathogen

Understanding Host Tropism in Bacterial Pathogenesis

Nitrogenase is a complex enzyme consisting of MoFe protein and Fe-protein. Which one of the following statements regarding Nitrogenase enzyme is NOT correct? 1. It comprises of Component I and Component II 2. MoFe proteins are dinitrogenase reductases 3. Fe proteins are homodimer 4. MoFe proteins are heterotetramer

Understanding Nitrogenase Enzyme and Its Components

Which of these is NOT a multiple sequence alignment program? 1. T-coffee 2. Clustal W 3. Clustal X 4. BLAST

Understanding Multiple Sequence Alignment Programs

What are proto-oncogenes? 1. They are a type of tumor suppressor genes 2. They stall cancer progression 3. They can become oncogenes 4. They have no relation with cancer progression

Understanding Proto-Oncogenes and Their Role in Cancer

Which of the following BLAST search program is used to find the putative function of a given nucleotide sequence to search a protein sequence database? 1. BLASTX 2. BLASTP 3. BLASTN 4. BLASTZ

BLAST Search Programs for Nucleotide and Protein Sequences

Which among the following techniques does NOT depend on nucleic acid hybridization? 1. DNA microarray 2. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 3. Chromosome painting 4. Southern blotting

Techniques That Do Not Depend on Nucleic Acid Hybridization

CRISPR-Cas9 Technology

Understanding CRISPR-Cas9 Technology

Which of the following marker proteins is NOT derived from cnidarians? 1. Green fluorescent protein 2. DSRED protein 3. Red fluorescent protein 4. Orange fluorescent protein

Which Marker Protein Is NOT Derived from Cnidarians?

Chemically, what is milk of magnesia? 1. Calcium hydroxide 2. Magnesium carbonate 3. Magnesium hydroxide 4. Sodium bicarbonate

What Is Milk of Magnesia Chemically?

A batch reactor produces 25g/L of product. The fermentation time is 4 days and 1 day extra is required as downtime for cleaning, sterilization and setting up the reactor. If total number of working days is taken at 300 days/year. Then to produce 1 ton/year of product the reactor size has to be approximately 1. 6.67 L 2. 66.7 L 3. 667 L 4. 6667 L

Batch reactor size calculation for 1 ton/year production

Clustering in a gene expression analysis via microarray experiment refers to 1. cluster of probes used to monitor gene expression 2. cluster of cDNAs printed on the array 3. genes clustered together in the genome 4. a set of genes that are likely to work together in a given biological context  

What Does Clustering Mean in Gene Expression Analysis via Microarray?

Why progesterone-only contraceptives are not recommended as emergency (post-coitus) contraceptives? 1. Progesterone-only contraceptives have high failure rates 2. Progesterone acts on the reproductive tract as a whole 3. Progesterone makes the reproductive tract inhospitable for sperm and any fertilized oocyte 4. Progesterone may not block follicular development or ovulation.

Progesterone-only pills and emergency contraception

Which of the following is NOT true for microalgae? 1. Microalgae can perform photosynthesis only if the light source is available 2. Respiration by the microalgae continues throughout light and dark period 3. Photosynthesis by microalgae is an oxidation reaction 4. Microalgae can take both 𝐶𝑂2 and bicarbonate as source of carbon

Which Statement About Microalgae Is NOT True?

Which one of the following is the drug of choice for sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis? 1. Ampicillin 2. Azithromycin 3. Ciprofloxacin 4. Metronidazole

Drug of Choice for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

Understanding Chemostat Culture Dynamics: Key Concepts and Misconceptions

In a single stage continuous extraction system, solvent is added to cell-free culture filtrate containing the product. If the partition coefficient of the product is 5, then to extract 90% of the product, assuming ideal single stage, the flow rate of solvent should be times the flow rate of the culture filtrate. 1. 1.5 times 2. 1.8 times 3. 2.1 times 4. 2.4 times  

Solvent Flow Rate Calculation in Single-Stage Continuous Extraction

A. Interleukin-2 (IL-2)                                                                     I. Activates NK cells and T cells; potently induces production of Interferons; shifts immune response to 𝑇𝐻1 B. Interferon-𝛾 (IFN-𝛾)                                                                   II. Major mediator of inflammation; stimulate macrophages and cytokine production C. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)                                                 III. Strong macrophage-activating factor; causes a variety of cells to express class II MHC molecules. D. Interleukin-12 (IL- 12)                                                              IV Major growth factor for T and B cells; enhances cytolytic activity of natural killer cells Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Matching Cytokines with Their Immune Functions

BLOSUM scoring matrix is used for 1. alignment of DNA sequences only 2. alignment of DNA and protein sequences only 3. alignment of protein sequences only 4. homology modelling  

What Is the BLOSUM Scoring Matrix Used For?

1000 𝑑𝑚3 of fermentation medium containing 1 × 104 Bacillus thuringenesis cells per 𝑐𝑚3 is sterilized to achieve probability of contamination of 1 in 1000. Calculate the Del factor. 1. 33.5 2. 29.9 3. 23.0 4. 13.8

How to Calculate Del Factor in Sterilization of Fermentation Media

Which of the following will generally NOT occur if the function of myosin I and myosin II is blocked? 1. Apoptosis 2. Cell crawling 3. Phagocytosis 4. Vesicle transport

Impact of Blocking Myosin I and Myosin II on Cellular Functions

The function of sieve tube in plants includes transmission of A. Chemical signals B. mRNAs C. electrical signals D. spheroplasts

Understanding the Function of Sieve Tubes in Plants

Assertion A: Threading is a de novo protein structure prediction method suitable for sequence with very low similarities. Reason R: The threading method is more efficient than homology modelling. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Understanding Threading in Protein Structure Prediction

Equine embryo collection is commonly performed on day 7 or 8 (day ovulation) because 1. the embryo has separated from placenta 2. the embryo has crossed all the developmental stages 3. recovery are high and the blastocysts can be easily recovered and handled 4. the lifespan of embryo is limited to 9 days

The Best Time for Equine Embryo Collection: Day 7 or 8 Post-Ovulation

A. Ajmalicine                                                    I. Illicium verum B. Anethole                                                       II. Papaver somniferum C. Codeine                                                         III. Rauwolfia sepentina D. Vincristine                                                  IV. Catharanthus roseus

Medicinal Plant Compounds and Their Sources: Match the Correct Pairs

Recombinant Interferon Gamma is commercially produced by cell culture of 1. T3 fibroblast cells 2. Chinese hamster ovary cells 3. Peripheral lymphocyte cells 4. Human leucocyte cells

Recombinant Interferon Gamma Production: A Cellular Approach

A. Belladonna                                                       I. Menthol B. Foxglove                                                            II. Atropine C. Pacific yew                                                       III Digitalin D. Eucalyptus                                                       IV. Taxol

Understanding Secondary Metabolites in Plants: A Matching Exercise

“TORCH" test is utilized in pregnant females to detect Antibodies against 1. Toxoplasma gondii only 2. Toxoplasma sp., Rubella virus and Cytomegalo virus 3. Rubella and Cytomegalo virus 4. Rubella virus only

Understanding the TORCH Test in Pregnancy

Polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by microorganisms have application as 1. Furfural 2. Bioplastic 3. Hydroxyl Methyl Furfural 4. Biodiesel

Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in Sustainable Industries

Smith-Waterman's algorithm is: 1. An algorithm to perform global alignments 2. An algorithm to perform local alignments 3. An algorithm to perform homology modelling 4. An algorithm to perform threading based modelling of proteins

Understanding Smith-Waterman Algorithm for Local Sequence Alignment

Which one of the following terms is used to describe the protection of the unimmunized individual based on immunization of a sufficient number of other members of the population? 1. Active immunity 2. Passive immunity 3. Herd immunity 4. Post-exposure immunity

Understanding Herd Immunity and Its Role in Protecting Unimmunized Individuals

A 'co-integrate vector' is used to transfer cloned genes into which one of the following? 1. Yeast 2. Plants 3. Animals 4. Parasites

Understanding Co-integrate Vectors and Their Role in Gene Transfer

Which one of the following is a nucleic acid hybridization-based test for diagnosis of Tuberculosis? 1. TrueNat 2. TORCH 3. WIDAL 4. Tubercullin test  

Nucleic Acid Hybridization-Based Test for Tuberculosis Diagnosis

Difference Between Human Genes and Protein Count

understanding the Difference Between Human Genes and Protein Count

A mechanically agitated bioreactor for an aerobic microbial process can be scaled up from pilot plant data to commercial plant on the basis of 1. equal impeller size 2. equal inoculum size 3. equal power/unit volume 4. equal air bubble size  

Scaling Up a Mechanically Agitated Bioreactor for Aerobic Microbial Processes

Which of the following types of plastids is formed first when Etioplast types are exposed to light? 1. Gerontoplast 2. Amyloplast 3. Pregranal plastid 4. Mature Chloroplast

Plastid Transformation Upon Light Exposure: A Look at Etioplasts

Mammalian cell cultures are difficult to scale up in conventional bio-reactors for the production of therapeutic proteins primarily because of 1. High oxygen demand 2. High shear sensitivity 3. Different process control due to the complexity of the cells 4. Complex media requirements

Challenges in Scaling Up Mammalian Cell Cultures for Therapeutic Protein Production

Photosynthetic Proteins and Their Encoding Genes

Understanding the Photosynthetic Proteins and Their Encoding Genes

The technique commonly used to resolve large sized DNA fragments (>20 kb) following digestion with restriction enzymes is 1. Polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis 2. Capillary electrophoresis 3. Pulse field gel-electrophoresis 4. Preparative HPLC

Techniques for Resolving Large DNA Fragments: The Role of Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis

Gibberellin (GA) Signal Transduction in Arabidopsis

Understanding Gibberellin (GA) Signal Transduction in Arabidopsis

Which one of the following is NOT a type of Intellectual property rights? 1. Patent 2. Articraft 3. Industrial Design 4. Geographical Indicator

Types of Intellectual Property Rights: Understanding Patent, Industrial Design, and More

Which one of the following is not considered as a secondary messenger? 1. cAMP 2. ATP 3. 𝐶𝑎2+ 4. 𝐼

Understanding Secondary Messengers: Which One Is Not Considered?

Which of the following enzymes adds an extra Adenine at the 3' end of a DNAstrand? 1. Klenow DNA polymerase 2. Taq DNA polymerase 3. Reverse transcriptase 4. Topoisomerase

Enzyme Responsible for Adding an Extra Adenine at the 3′ End of a DNA Strand

Conversion of organic matter to biogas proceeds in four stages: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. Which one of the following microorganisms play key role in methanogenesis conversion stage? 1. Yeast 2. Phototrophic bacteria 3. Archaea 4. Aerobic bacteria

Key Microorganisms Involved in Methanogenesis in Biogas Production

Alpha fold is an artificial intelligence based method for 1. Prediction of protein functions based on folding 2. Perform de-novo protein folding 3. Perform protein folding based on a model trained on existing protein structures 4. Perform protein folding for alpha helices

AlphaFold: AI-Based Protein Folding Prediction

Which one of the following does not directly account for water potential in plants? 1. Pressure 2. Temperature 3. Osmotic components 4. Gravitation

Factors Affecting Water Potential in Plants: Understanding Its Components

Which one of the following laboratory tests would be the best to determine the number of CD4- positive cells in the blood of a patient infected with HIV? 1. Agglutination 2. Complement fixation 3. Flow cytometry 4. ELISPOT

Best Laboratory Test for Determining CD4-Positive Cells in HIV-Infected Patients

Which one of the following is NOT true regarding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type of C4 photosynthesis? 1. Aspartate is transported from mesophyll cell to bundle sheath cell 2. Alanine is transported from bundle sheath cell to mesophyll cell 3. Oxaloacetate is formed both in mesophyll cell to bundle sheath cell 4. Malate is transported from mesophyll cell to bundle sheath cell

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase in C4 Photosynthesis: Understanding Transport and Reactions

The binding site on an antibody is known as 1. Paratope 2. Epitope 3. Elbow region 4. Hinge region

The Binding Site on an Antibody: Paratope vs Epitope

The group of organism in marine systems that feed on dead biomass and waste material is called 1. decomposers 2. omnivores 3. detritivores 4. anaerobic bacteria.

The Role of Detritivores in Marine Ecosystems: Feeding on Dead Biomass

Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway: Regulation by Mitochondria

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway: Regulation by Mitochondria

Which one of the following is a neurovegetative disease? 1. Hepatitis 2. Huntington 3. Osteoporosis 4. Sarcoma

Understanding Neurovegetative Diseases: Why Huntington’s Disease Fits the Definition

Signal Propagation at a Chemical Synapse

Signal Propagation at a Chemical Synapse: Understanding the Mechanism

Cells primarily produce energy through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. However, most cancer cells predominantly produce their energy through a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation even in the presence of abundant oxygen. This phenomenon is known as: 1. Anapleorotic effect 2. Warburg effect 3. Cantley effect 4. Crabtree Effect

Understanding the Warburg Effect in Cancer Cells

Enzymes immobilized on porous beads are used for conversion of substrate to product in a reaction. When the bead diameter is halved the reaction rate is observed to increase. This implies that 1. Internal mass transfer is rate controlling 2. External mass transfer is rate controlling 3. Enzyme gets partially deactivated during the process of entrapment 4. Steric hindrance is reduced when bead diameter is reduced

Why Reducing Bead Diameter Increases Reaction Rate in Immobilized Enzyme Systems

What contributes the most towards the hydrophobic effect when a protein is folding at room temperature? 1. Entropy of the water molecules 2. Entropy of the protein molecules 3. Entropy of the protein chain 4. Free energy of interaction between the protein residues

What Drives the Hydrophobic Effect During Protein Folding?

Roll tube technique is used for isolation of 1. Aerobic bacteria 2. Cyanobacteria 3. Stringent anaerobic bacteria 4. Pathogenic fungi

Understanding the Roll Tube Technique and Its Use in Isolation of Bacteria

An antimalarial drug such as primaquine is believed to act by causing oxidative stress to the parasite. This drug is not suitable for treatment in individuals having deficiency in 1. Hexokinase 2. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase 3. Phosphofructokinase 4. Haemoglobin

Why Primaquine is Unsuitable for Individuals with G6PD Deficiency

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: Termination of DNA synthesis occurs upon incorporation of a nucleotide lacking hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon of the pentose sugar into the growing DNA chain. Reason R: The hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon of the pentose sugar is involved in phosphodiester bond formation.

Role of the 3′ Hydroxyl Group in DNA Synthesis Termination

Cholesterol is transported in blood in the form of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles that contain Apolipoprotein, cholesterol, cholesteryl esters with long fatty acid chains and phospholipids. Where do you think the phospholipids are located in LDL particles? 1. Buried in the core 2. On the surface 3. In the lipid bilayer 4. Interacting with hydrophilic regions of Apolipoprotein

Phospholipids in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Particles: Where Are They Located?

An integral plasma membrane protein is glycosylated. Scientists can trace the journey of this protein from the time of its initial translation to its translocation to the plasma membrane in its mature form. Which of the following changes in its molecular weight can be expected to take place during its maturation? 1. A gradual decrease after translation 2. An initial decrease followed by an increase 3. An initial increase followed by a decrease 4. There will be no change in the molecular weight

Molecular Weight Changes in Glycosylated Plasma Membrane Proteins During Maturation

Intake of total folic acid should not exceed ______ in the diet for adults. 1. 0.8 mg/day 2. 1.6 mg/day 3.0.4 mg/day 4.4.0 mg/day  

Recommended Daily Intake of Folic Acid for Adults

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: The strand separation of DNA occurs in vivo during processes such as DNA replication and transcription Reason R: The sites where these processes are initiated are often rich in C/G base pairs In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

DNA Strand Separation and Base Pair Composition in Replication and Transcription

Understanding Myasthenia Gravis: Causes and Mechanisms

Following are certain statements regarding FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) gene in Arabidopsis: A. FLC is a strong repressor of flowering. B. Higher expression of FLC induces early flowering. C. FLC is activated by FRIGIDA (FRI). D. Vernalisation represses FLC.

The Role of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabidopsis Flowering Regulation

The E. 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑖 strain 𝐵𝐿21(𝐷𝐸3) is used for expressing recombinant proteins whose genes are cloned in the 𝑝𝐸𝑇 series vectors. The primary reason for this is: 1. 𝐵𝐿21(𝐷𝐸3) lacks proteases that degrade polymerases required for the expression of genes in PET vectors. 2. 𝐵𝐿21(𝐷𝐸3) encodes proteases that specifically process the expressed protein. 3. 𝐵𝐿21(𝐷𝐸3) harbors a polymerase that is required for expressing the genes in pET vectors. 4. 𝐵𝐿21(𝐷𝐸3) has more efficient protein translation system than cloning strains of E. 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑖.

Why E. coli BL21(DE3) Is Preferred for Protein Expression Using pET Vectors

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Palindromic sequences are DNA sequences that are the same when each strand of DNA is read in the same direction. Statement II: Palindromic sequences serve as recognition sites for many type II restriction endonucleases. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Understanding Palindromic Sequences and Their Role in Restriction Enzymes

Which stage of mitosis is blocked by colchicine? 1. Prophase 2. Telophase 3. Anaphase 4. Metaphase

Colchicine and Mitosis: The Specific Stage It Inhibits

Role of Glial Cells and Myelin in Neuronal Function

Understanding the Role of Glial Cells and Myelin in Neuronal Function

Many bacteria produce an extracellular capsule composed of a network of polysaccharides and/or proteins that are loosely attached to the cell wall. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT about the capsule? 1. It is a virulence factor 2. May potentially inhibit binding of host complement proteins 3. Helps the bacteria to evade the host immune system 4. It prevents the pathogen from acquiring nutrients

Understanding Bacterial Capsules: Functions and a Common Misconception

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: A base substitution in DNA does not always result in mutant phenotype. Reason R: Some base substitutions in codons do not change the encoded amino acid. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Why Base Substitution in DNA Doesn’t Always Lead to Mutant Phenotypes

A. A lipid anchor for proteins attached with the membrane                               I. SRP B. Ribonucleoprotein complex to bind to the signal peptide                              II. PDI C. Formation of correct disulphide bonds in proteins                                          III. BiP D. Chaperone in the ER lumen                                                                                       IV. GPI

Cellular Components and Their Functions: GPI, SRP, PDI, and BiP Explained

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: Heat and extremes of pH cause denaturation, or melting, of double- helical DNA Reason R: Breaking of covalent bonds of DNA causes unwinding of the double helix In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Does DNA Denaturation Involve Breaking Covalent Bonds?

Cells are successfully pelleted in a small rotor at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes. If we now use a bigger rotor with twice the diameter to pellet the cells (having the same fixed angle) in 5 minutes, then the RPM required is, approximately: 1. 5,000 rpm 2. 6,000 rpm 3. 7,000 rpm 4. 10,000 rpm 

How Rotor Diameter Affects RPM in Centrifugation

Growth Factor-Regulated Cyclin Expression in Plants

Growth Factor-Regulated Cyclin Expression in Plants

To enhance biodegradation process efficiently it is required to vary the design and operation of activated sludge system. Which of the following variations in design and operation of this system is NOT correct? 1. Step aeration 2. Contact stabilization 3. Anaerobic fermentation 4. Tapered aeration

Incorrect Design Variation in Activated Sludge Systems for Biodegradation

LIST I  (Precursor)                                                                   LIST II (Fermentation product) A. Phenylacetic-acid related compounds                          I. Penicillin G B. Phenoxy acetic acid                                                             II. Penicillin V C. Cyanides                                                                                 III. Vitamin B 12 D. L-Threonine                                                                         IV. Cyclosporin C

Matching Precursors with Their Fermentation Products

hich one of the following is not a type of G-protein coupled receptors? 1. 𝐺𝑞 2. 𝐺𝑖 3. 𝐺𝑠 4. 𝐺�

Types of G-Protein Coupled Receptors

The annotation of a genome sequence is generally stored in which of the following file formats? 1. FASTA 2. GFF 3. FAST5 4. BAM

Genome Annotation File Formats

Siderophores are generally 1. Produced by bacteria only during sporulation 2. Pore forming toxins 3. Structurally diverse iron-chelating molecules 4. Cytokines that kill bacteria

Characteristics of Siderophores

A student decided to perform liquid-liquid extraction of solute A and solute B separately. Based on the table below, indicate which of the following options is CORRECT about their partition coefficient (K)? Solute A Solute B Concentration of solute in extract (g/L) 50 1 Concentration of solute in raffinate (g/L) 1 50

Partition Coefficients of Solutes A and B in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

The following feature about A-DNA is INCORRECT 1. The DNA is arranged in a left handed double helix 2. The base pairs in A-DNA are not perfectly perpendicular to the helix axis 3. The DNA is arranged in a right handed double helix 4. Number of base pairs per helical turn is 11  

Incorrect Feature about A-DNA

Matching Precursors with Fermentation Products:

Matching Precursors with Fermentation Products:

Understanding GPCR classification and signaling pathways is essential in physiology and drug development, given their pivotal role in cellular communication and disease treatment.

G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs): Types and Functions

Genome Annotation File Formats: GFF, FASTA, FAST5, and BAM

Genome Annotation File Formats: GFF, FASTA, FAST5, and BAM

partition coefficient in liquid-liquid extraction

Understanding Partition Coefficient (K) in Liquid-Liquid Extraction:

A-DNA B-DNA and Z-DNA :Structure, Features and Key Differences

A-DNA B-DNA and Z-DNA :Structure, Features and Key Differences

What Is Produced Commercially by Mammalian Cell Culture

What Is Produced Commercially by Mammalian Cell Culture

SELEX and aptamers in medical applications

SELEX and Aptamers: Revolutionizing Diagnosis and Treatment

Sequencing Depth Coverage Genome Assembly

Sequencing Depth Coverage: Understanding Genome Assembly

Bacterial conjugation and sex pili

Bacterial Conjugation and the Role of Sex Pili in Genetic Transfer

Classification of Marine Algae: Understanding the Types of Algae

Classification of Marine Algae: Understanding the Types of Algae

Shear stress in airlift fermenters

Shear Stress in Airlift Fermenters and Increasing Gas Flow Rate

Proteins with signal peptides

Signal Peptides: Why Immunoglobulin Has a Signal Peptide

Capsaicin activation of thermal nociceptors

The Role of Capsaicin in Activating Thermal Nociceptors

HSV-TK gene in suicide gene therapy

HSV-TK Gene in Adenoviral Vector

Red Wine Headaches

Understanding Red Wine Headaches and Their Causes

Monod’s Model of Bacterial Growth

Monod’s Model of Bacterial Growth

Isoprenoid Cytokinins: Key Roles and Types

Isoprenoid Cytokinins: Key Roles and Types

Determining Protein Structure in Solution

Determining Protein Structure in Solution

DNA Replication Proteins and Their Functions

DNA Replication Proteins and Their Functions

Local Pair-Wise Alignment of Protein Sequences

Local Pair-Wise Alignment of Protein Sequences

Humulones (Alpha Acids) in Beer Brewing

The Role of Humulones (Alpha Acids) in Beer Brewing

Corneal Grafts and Immune Privilege

Corneal Grafts :Transplantation Without Immunosuppression

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Biological Oxygen Demand and Its Environmental Significance

Learn how the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein is turned on and off through GTP binding and hydrolysis.

Activation and Inactivation of the Alpha Subunit in G Proteins

Zeitlupe Photoreceptor and Light Perception

Role of Zeitlupe Photoreceptor in Light Perception

Difference Between Similarity and Homology in Protein Sequences

Difference Between Similarity and Homology in Protein Sequences

Discovery of Motifs in DNA and Protein Sequences Using MEME

Discovery of Motifs in DNA and Protein Sequences Using MEME

Learn about the most common cause of pneumonia in immunocompetent infants, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Cause of Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Infants

Bacterial Products in Biotechnology and Food Industry

Bacterial Products in Biotechnology and Food Industry

Primary vs. Secondary Antibody Responses

Primary vs. Secondary Antibody Responses

Cytosolic ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase in Cereal Endosperm

Cytosolic ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase in Cereal Endosperm

Telomerase Activity and RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase

Telomerase Activity and RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase

Antigen-Binding Site and Hypervariable Regions in Antibodies

Antigen-Binding Site on Antibodies: Role of Hypervariable Regions

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Molecular Interactions

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)

Parkinson’s Disease and Nigrostriatal Dopamine Degeneration

Parkinson’s Disease: A Neuro Degenerative Disorder

Phenolic Compounds with Their Plant Sources

Phenolic Compounds with Their Plant Sources

Cell Cycle Phases and Their Functions:

Understanding the Phases of the Cell Cycle

Chromatographic Techniques in Protein Purification

Chromatographic Techniques in Protein Purification

Metagenomics: The Study of Microbial Communities Through Genome Sequencing

Depolarization and Hyperpolarization in Neurons: Membrane Potential

Depolarization and Hyperpolarization in Neurons

Centrioles in Angiosperms: Understanding Their Absence

United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 SDG 6

Fv Fragment: Key to Epitope Identification in Biological Samples

Licensing of DNA Replication – Formation of Pre-Replicative Complexes

Phred score in DNA sequencing

Enzymatic production of aspartame

Entropy change during NaCl dissolution

Role of Companion Cells in the Translocation of microRNA in Plants

Bootstrap value in phylogenetic trees

Aeration in fungal fermentation

False Discovery Rate (FDR)

Genetically Male Sterile Plants

Polyestrous Animals and Their Breeding Cycles

Plant Hormones and Their Biosynthetic Precursors

induction of pain by a normal innocuous stimulus

Bacteriorhodopsin in Archaea

What is a Shuttle Vector

Difference Between Shuttle Vectors and Other Vectors

Palindromic DNA Sequence

Difference Between Palindrome and Inverted Repeat

What is a Shuttle Vector

What is a Shuttle Vector

Palindromic DNA Sequence

Palindromic DNA Sequence

What is Genome Assembly

What is Genome Assembly

Amino Acids with Two Chiral Centres

Amino Acids with Two Chiral Centres

Tenure of a Registered Trademark in India

Tenure of a Registered Trademark in India

Codon Optimization for Maximizing Protein Yield

Codon Optimization for Maximizing Protein Yield

PCR Cycle Amplification Calculation

PCR Cycle Amplification Calculation

Conversion of 10⁻²³ Liters

Conversion of 10⁻²³ Liters

Work Efficiency of Sita and Gita

Work Efficiency of Sita and Gita

Organelles Equipped with Their Own Genomes

Organelles Equipped with Their Own Genomes

Enzymes Involved in Protein Folding

Enzymes Involved in Protein Folding

Ab Initio Determination of Protein Structure

Ab Initio Determination of Protein Structure

Sum of the Area of a Circle and a Square

Sum of the Area of a Circle and a Square

Origin of term Biotechnology karl ereky

Origin of term Biotechnology karl ereky

Key Enzymes in DNA Replication

Symbiotic Relationship in Lichens

Key Enzymes in DNA Replication

Key Enzymes in DNA Replication

Product of Two Numbers Based on Linear Equations

Product of Two Numbers Based on Linear Equations

D-Alanine and L-Alanine are Enantiomers

Molar Concentration of Dinitrophenol (DNP)

Molar Concentration of Dinitrophenol (DNP)

Why Acid Phosphatase is the Marker Enzyme for Lysosomes

Why Acid Phosphatase is the Marker Enzyme for Lysosomes

Plant Tissue Culture Explants

Plant Tissue Culture Explants

Introduction to Tm in Protein Denaturation

Introduction to Tm in Protein Denaturation

ATP Formation by Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

ATP Formation by Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

Metabolic Precursor of Proline and Glutamine

Metabolic Precursor of Proline and Glutamine

Imran’s Running Speed Compared to His Friend

Imran’s Running Speed Compared to His Friend

DNA Duplex Formation and Weak Binding Pairs

DNA Duplex Formation and Weak Binding Pairs

Calculating the Population Decline in a Village Over 2 Years

Calculating the Population Decline in a Village Over 2 Years

Section 4 of the Patents Act 1970

Section 4 of the Patents Act 1970

Introduction to Tumor Types and Their Origins

Introduction to Tumor Types and Their Origins

Find the sum of the digits in the unit place of all 4 digit numbers

Find the sum of the digits in the unit place of all 4 digit numbers

Constituent Genes of T-DNA in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Constituent Genes of T-DNA in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Biological Databases: RCSB, OMIM, DDBJ, and Fly Base

Biological Databases: RCSB, OMIM, DDBJ, and Fly Base

Tyrosine is a Precursor of Dopamine, Epinephrine, and Norepinephrine

Tyrosine is a Precursor of Dopamine, Epinephrine, and Norepinephrine

Difference between Euchromatin Heterochromatin Cohesin Condensin

Difference between Euchromatin Heterochromatin Cohesin Condensin

Calculate the Number of Girls in a Class Based on Average Weight

Calculate the Number of Girls in a Class Based on Average Weight

Environmentalists and Their Impact on Environmental Conservation

Environmentalists and Their Impact on Environmental Conservation

Fluorescent Dyes for Microscopy

Fluorescent Dyes for Microscopy

Decarboxylation of Oxalic Acid – Formation of Formic Acid

Decarboxylation of Oxalic Acid – Formation of Formic Acid

Beer-Lambert Law: Principles and Applications

Beer-Lambert Law: Principles and Applications

Speed Calculation of Vande Bharat Express and Goods Train

Speed Calculation of Vande Bharat Express and Goods Train

EcoRI Digestion and Fragment Formation in Linear DNA

EcoRI Digestion and Fragment Formation in Linear DNA

Role of Nitrogen Dioxide and Other Pollutants in Acid Rain

Role of Nitrogen Dioxide and Other Pollutants in Acid Rain

How to Solve Pipe and Reservoir Problems

How to Solve Pipe and Reservoir Problems – Step-by-Step

Affinity Chromatography and Protein Elution

Affinity Chromatography and Protein Elution

Trophophase and Its Role in Microbial Growth

Understanding Trophophase and Its Role in Metabolite Production

Difference Between Simple and Compound Interest Calculation

Difference Between Simple and Compound Interest Calculation

Electron Flow in Photosystem II

Electron Flow in Photosystem II: The Primary Electron Acceptor

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