Category: GATE Biotechnology 2020 Previous Year Papers with Solutions

Category: GATE Biotechnology 2020 Previous Year Papers with Solutions

GATE Biotechnology 2020 Previous Year Papers with Solutions

Mitochondrial Electron Transfer Chain Free Energy Calculation

Q.No. 54 An algorithm was designed to find globins in protein sequence databases. A database which has 78 globin sequences was searched using this algorithm. The algorithm retrieved 72 sequences of which only 65 were globins. The sensitivity of this algorithm is _____________ % (round off to 2 decimal places).

Globin Sequence Algorithm Sensitivity Calculation

Q.53 The concentrations of ATP, ADP and inorganic phosphate in a cell are 2.59, 0.73 and 2.72 mM, respectively. Under these conditions, free energy change for the synthesis of ATP at 37 °C is. _ kJ/mol (round off to 2 decimal places) Given: free energy change for ATP hydrolysis under standard conditions is -30.5 kJ/mol and R = 8.315 kJ/mol.K

Free Energy Change for ATP Synthesis at 37°C

Q.No. 52 Protein A and protein B form a covalent complex. Gel filtration chromatography of this complex showed a peak corresponding to 200 kDa. SDS-PAGE analysis of this complex, with and without beta-mercaptoethanol, showed a single band corresponding to molecular weight 50 and 25 kDa, respectively. Given that the molecular weight of protein A is 25 kDa, the molecular weight of protein B is ____________ kDa.

Protein A Protein B Covalent Complex

Q.No. 51 An infinite series S is given as: S = 1 + 2/3 + 3/9 + 4/27 + 5/81 + … (to infinity) The value of S is _____________ (round off to 2 decimal places).

Infinite Series Sum

Q.No. 50 A function f is given as: f(X) = 4X − X2 The function f is maximized when X is equal to _____________.

Maximize Quadratic Function f(X) = 4X – X²

Q.No. 49 Growth of an organism on glucose in a chemostat is characterized by Monod model with specific growth rate = 0.45 h-1 and Ks = 0.5 g/L. Biomass from the substrate is generated as YXS = 0.4 g/g. The chemostat volume is 0.9 L and media is fed at 1 L/h and contains 20 g/L of glucose. At steady state, the concentration of biomass in the chemostat is __________ g/L.

Monod Model Chemostat

Q.No. 48 Assume that a cell culture was started with five human fibroblast cells. Two cells did not divide even once whereas the other three cells completed three rounds of cell division. At this stage, the total number of kinetochores in all the cells put together is _____________.

Total Kinetochores in Human Fibroblast Cell Culture

Q.47 The amino acid sequence of a peptide is Phe-Leu-lle-Met-Ser-Leu. The number of codons that encode the amino acids present in this peptide is given below: Phe: 2 codons Leu: 6 codons lle: 3 codons Met: 1 codon Ser: 4 codons The number of unique DNA sequences that can encode this peptide is

Number of Unique DNA Sequences Encoding

Q.No. 46 The system of linear equations: cx + y = 5 3x + 3y = 6 has no solution when c is equal to ____________________.

System of Linear Equations No Solution When C Equals What?

Q.No. 45 A batch reactor is inoculated with 1 g/L biomass. Under these conditions, cells exhibit a lag phase of 30 min. If the specific growth rate in the log phase is 0.00417 min-1, the time taken for the biomass to increase to 8 g/L is __________ min (round off to 2 decimal places).

Batch Reactor Biomass Growth

Q.No. 44 E. coli was grown in 15N medium for several generations. Cells were then transferred to 14N medium, allowed to grow for 4 generations and DNA was isolated immediately. The proportion of total DNA with intermediate density is __________ (round off to 2 decimal places).

Intermediate Density DNA Proportion

Q.43 The sequence of a 1 Mb long DNA is random. This DNA has all four bases occurring in equal proportion. The number of nucleotides, on average, between two successive EcoRI recognition site GAATTC is ___________.

EcoRI Recognition Site GAATTC

Q.42 Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r] Assertion [a]: A genetically engineered rice that produces beta-carotene in the rice grain is called Golden rice Reason [r]: Enabling biosynthesis of provitamin A in the rive endosperm gives a characteristic yellow orange color (A) Both [a] and [n] are false (B) Both [a] and [r] are true but is not the correct reason for [a] (C) Both [a] and are true and is the correct reason for [a] (D) [A] is true but [r] is false

Golden Rice Beta-Carotene Production

Q.41 Which of the following statements about gene therapy are CORRECT? [P] Affected individuals, but not their progeny, can be cured through germline gene theraphy [Q] Affected individuals, as well as their progeny, can be cured through germline gene therapy [R] Affected individuals, but not their progeny, can be cured through somatic gene theraphy [S] Affected individuals, as well as their progeny, can be cure through somatic gene therapy (A) P and R only (B) P and S only (C) Q and R only (D) Q and S only

Gene Therapy Somatic vs Germline

Q.40 Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r] Assertion [a]: A typule and its immediate descendant cells are specialized and are called toipotent Reason [C]: Totipotent cells retain the capacity to differentiate into only a few cell types (A) Both [a] and [r] are false (B) Both [a] and [r] are true but [r] is not the correct reason for [a] (C) Both [a] and [r] are true and [r] is the correct reason for [a] (D) [a] is true but is false

Totipotent Cells Assertion Reason

Q.39 Which of the following strategies are used by cells for metabolic regulation! [P] Phosphorylation- dephosphorylation [Q] Allostery [R| Feedback inhibition (A) P and Q only (B) P and R only (C) Q and R only (D) P, Q and R

Cells Metabolic Regulation Strategies

Q.No. 38 Match sub-cellular organelles listed in Group I with their features listed in Group II: Group I Group II P] Mitochondrion 1. Single-membrane enclosed Q] Chloroplast 2. Double-membrane enclosed R] Nucleus 3. Maternal inheritance S] Endoplasmic reticulum 4. Endosymbiotic origin Options: P-1, Q-4, R-2, S-3 P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1 P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1 P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

Match Sub-cellular Organelles with Their Features

Q.37 The schematic of a plasmid with a gap in one of the strands is shown below: Which of the following enzyme(s) is/are required to fill the gap and generate a covalently closed circular plasmid? [P] DNA ligase [Q] Alkaline phosphatase [R] DNA polymerase [S] Polynucletoide Kinase

Enzymes Required to Fill Plasmid Gap

Q.36 Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion (a) and the Reasonv[r]. Assertion [a]: Embryonic stem cells are suitable for developing knockout mice Reason [r]: Homologous recombination is more frequent in embryonic stem cells than that in somatic cells (A) Both [a] and [r] are false (B) Both [a] and [r] are true, and [r] is the correct reason for [a] (C) Both [a] and [r] are true, but [r] is not the correct reason for [a] (D) [a] is true, but [r] is false

Embryonic Stem Cells for Knockout Mice

Q.35 Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r]. Assertion [a]: Dam methylase protects E. coli DNA from phage endonucleases Reason [r]: E. coli Dam methylase methylates the adenosine residue in the sequence "GATC" (A) Both [a] and [r] are true and [r) is the correct reason for [a] (B) Both [a] and [r) are true but [r] is not the correct reason for [a] (C) Both [a] and [r] are false (D) [a] is false but [r] is true

Dam Methylase E. coli Protection

Q.No. 34 A list of pathogens (Group I) and a list of anti-microbial agents (Group II) used to treat their infections are given below. Match the pathogens with the corresponding anti-microbial agents. Group I Group II P] Influenza A virus 1. Isoniazid Q] Fungus 2. Amantadine R] Plasmodium 3. Fluconazole S] Mycobacterium 4. Artemisinin 5. Iodoquinol Options: P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-5 P-5, Q-2, R-4, S-1 P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1 P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-5

Match Pathogens with Anti-Microbial Agents

Q.33 Carl Woese used the gene sequence of which one of the following for phylogenetic taxonomy of prokaryotes? (A) A ribosomal RNA of large ribosomal subunit (B) A ribosomal RNA of small ribosomal subunit (C) A ribosomal protein of large ribosomal subunit (D) A ribosomal protein of small ribosomal subunit

Carl Woese 16S Ribosomal RNA

Q.32 Some of the cytokinins used in plant tissue culture media are given below: [P] ВАР [Q Zeatin [R] Kinetin [S]2iP Which of these are synthetic analogs? (A) P and Q only (B) Q and S only (C) R and S only (D) P and R only

Cytokinins in Plant Tissue Culture

Q.31 In tomato plant, red (R) is dominant overyellow (r) for fruit color and purple (P) is dominant over green (p) for stem color. Fruit color and stem color assort independently. The number of progeny plants of different fruit/stem colors obtained from a mating are as follows: Red fruit, purple stem - 145 Red fruit, green stem - 184 Yellow fruit, purple stem - 66 Yellow fruit, green stem - 47 What are the genotypes of the parent plants in this mating? (A) RrPp x Rrpp (B) RrPp x RrPp (C) RRPP x rrpp (D) RrPP x Rrpp

Tomato Genetics Testcross Genotypes

Q.No. 30 W, X and Y are the intermediates in a biochemical pathway as shown below: S → W → X → Y → Z Mutants auxotrophic for Z are found in four different complementation groups, namely Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4. The growth of these mutants on media supplemented with W, X, Y or Z is shown below (Yes: growth observed; No: growth not observed): Mutants W X Y Z Z1 No No Yes Yes Z2 No Yes Yes Yes Z3 No No No Yes Z4 Yes Yes Yes Yes What is the order of the four complementation groups in terms of the step they block? (A) S → Z1 → W → Z2 → Z3 → Y → Z4 → Z (B) S → Z4 → W → Z2 → Z1 → X → Z3 → Y → Z (C) S → Z3 → Z1 → Z2 → X → Z4 → Y → Z (D) S → Z4 → W → Z1 → X → Z2 → Y → Z3 → Z

Biochemical Pathway Mutant Mapping

Q.No. 29 Which of the following statements are CORRECT about eukaryotic cell cycle? [P] CDKs can phosphorylate proteins in the absence of cyclins [Q] CDKs can be inactivated by phosphorylation [R] Degradation of cyclins is required for cell cycle progression [S] CDKs are not involved in chromosome condensation (A) P and R only (B) P and S only (C) P, Q and R only (D) Q and R only

Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Q.No. 28 Which of the following statements about immune response are CORRECT? [P] T cells are activated by antigen-presenting cells [Q] Foreign peptides are not presented to helper T cells by Class II MHC proteins [R] Dendritic cells are referred to as professional antigen-presenting cells (A) P and R only (B) P and Q only (C) Q and R only (D) P, Q and R

 Immune Response MCQ

Q.No. 27 The DNA sequence shown below is to be amplified by PCR: 5' GCTAAGATCTGAATTTTCC.......TTGGGCAATAATGTAGCGC3' 3' CGATTCTAGACTTAAAAGG.......AACCGTTATTACATCGCG5' Which one of the following pair of primers can be used for this amplification? (A) 5' GGAAATTCAGACTTTAGT3' and 5'TTGGGCAATAATGTAGCGC3' (B) 5' GCTAAAGATCTGAATTTTCC3' and 5'GCGTCACATTTATGCCCA3' (C) 5' CGGAAATTCAGACTTTAG3' and 5' GCGTCACTATTTATGCCCA3' (D) 5' GCTAAAGATCTGAATTTTCC3' and 5' TTGGGCAATAATGTAGCGC3'

PCR Primer Design for DNA Amplification

Q.No. 26 A block of ice at 0 °C is supplied heat at a constant rate to convert ice to superheated steam. Which one of the following trajectories correctly represents the trend of the temperature of the system with time? Assume that the specific heat of H2O is not a function of temperature. A) Temperature increases linearly with time B) Temperature increases stepwise with plateaus C) Temperature increases exponentially D) Temperature remains constant

Block of Ice at 0°C to Superheated Steam

Q.No. 25 A variable Y is a function of t. Given that Y(t = 0) = 1 and Y(t = 1) = 2, dY/dt in the interval t = [0, 1] can be approximated as __________.

Approximating dY/dt in Interval

Q.No. 24 A normal random variable has mean equal to 0, and standard deviation equal to 3. The probability that on a random draw the value of this random variable is greater than 0 is __________ (round off to 2 decimal places).

Normal Random Variable Probability Greater Than 0

Q.No. 23 The largest eigenvalue of the matrix [ 4  1 -2   1 ] is __________.

Largest Eigenvalue of Matrix [4 1; -2 1]

Q.No. 22 To facilitate mass transfer from a gas to a liquid phase, a gas bubble of radius r is introduced into the liquid. The gas bubble then breaks into 8 bubbles of equal radius. Upon this change, the ratio of the interfacial surface area to the gas phase volume for the system changes from 3/r to 3n/r. The value of n is __________.

Gas Bubble Radius Mass Transfer

Q.No. 21 The number of molecules of a nucleotide of molecular weight 300 g/mol present in 10 picomoles is __________ x 1012 (round off to 2 decimal places).

Number of Nucleotide Molecules in 10 Picomoles

Q.20 Solvents A and B are completely immiscible. Solute S is soluble in both these solvents. 100 g of S was added to a container which has 2kg each of A and B. The solute is 1.5 times more soluble in solvent A than in solvent B. The mixture was agitated thoroughly and allowed to reach equilibrium. Assuming that the solute has completely dissolved, the amount of solute in solvent A phase is .__________. g

Solubility in Immiscible Solvents Equilibrium Calculation

Q.19 The elemental composition of dry biomass of a yeast species is CH1.6O0.4N0.25O0.0024P0.017. The contribution of carbon to the dry biomass is _______  % (round off to 2 decimal places). [Given: atomic weights of H, C, N, O, P and S are 1, 12, 14, 16, 31 and 32 respectively]

Carbon Contribution in Yeast Dry Biomass

Q.18 Given that Z = x2 + y2, the value of ∂Z/∂x for X = 1 and Y = 0 is (answer is an integer).

∂Z/∂x for Z = x² + y² at X=1 Y=0

Q.17 A function 𝒇 is as follows: 𝒇(𝒙) = {𝟏𝟓 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 < 𝟏 𝒄𝒙 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 ≥ 𝟏 The function f is a continuous function when c is equal to (answer is an integer).

Continuous Function at x=1

Q.16 A microorganism isolated from a salt-rich (salt concentration -2 M) lake was found to possess diglycerol tetraethers, with polyisoprenoid alcohol side chains, as the major lipid component of its cell membrane. The isolated organism is (A) a planctomycete. (B) a cyanobacteria (C) a unicellular amocha. (D) an archaca

Microorganism Diglycerol Tetraethers Polyisoprenoid Salt Lake

Q.15 Amino acid sequences of cytochrome e and ribulose S-phosphate epimerase from 40 organisms were chosen and phylogenetic trees were obtained for each of these two protein families Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason 1 Assertion (a): The two trees will not be identical Reason (r): The nature and frequency of mutations in the two families are different (A) Both [a] and are true and [r] is the correct reason for [a] (B) Both [a] and [r] are true but is not the correct reason for [a] (C) Both [a] and [r] are false. (D) [a] is false but [r] is true

 Cytochrome c and Ribulose-5-Phosphate Epimerase Phylogenetic Trees

Q.14 Which of the following are energy transducing membranes? [P] Plasma membrane of bacteria [Q] Inner membrane of chloroplasts [R] Inner membrane of mitochondria (A) P and Q only (B) P and R only (C) Q and R only (D) P, Q and R

 Energy Transducing Membranes

Q.13 Which one of the following media components is used to maintain pH in mammalian cell culture! (A) CaCI2 (B) MgSO4 (C) Nacl (D) NaHCO3

NaHCO3 for pH Maintenance

Q.12 Which of the following types of molecules act as biological catalysts? [P] Protein [Q] RNA [R] Phospholipid (A) Pand only (B) P and R only (C) Q and R only (D) P, Q and R

Biological Catalysts

Q.11 Which one of the following statements about Agrobacterium Ti plasmid is CORRECT? (A) Vir genes are located within the T-DNA Segment (B) Phytohormone biosynthesis genes are located outside the T-DNA segment (C) Opine catabolism genes are locate Within the T-DNA segment (D) Opine biosynthesis genes are located within the T-DNA segment

Agrobacterium Ti Plasmid T-DNA

Q.10 A vector derived from which one of the following viruses is used for high- frequency genomic integration of a transgene in animal cells? (A) Adenovirus (B) Adeno-associated virus (C) Lentivirus (D) Herpes simplex virus

Adeno-Associated Virus Genomic Integration

Q.9 During a positive-negative selection process, transformed animal cells expressing are killed in presence of ganciclovir in the medium. (A) pyruvate kinase (B) viral thymidine kinase (C) viral serine/threonine kinase (D) viral tyrosine kinase

Viral Thymidine Kinase in Positive-Negative Selection

Q.8 Two monomeric His-tagged proteins of identical molecular weight are present in a solution, pls of these two proteins are 5.6 and 6.8. Which one of the following techniques can be used to separate them? (A) Denaturing polyacrylamide gel Electrophoresis (B) Size-exclusion chromatography (C) lon-exchange chromatography (D) Nickel affinity chromatography

His-Tagged Proteins Separation

Q.7 DNA synthesized from an RNA template is called (A) recombinant DNA (B) transcript (C) T-DNA (D) complementary DNA

DNA Synthesized from RNA Template

Q.6 Vincristine and vinblastine, two commercially important secondary metabolites from Carrants roses, are examples of (A) alkaloids. (B) flavonoids. (C) terpenoids. (D) steroids

Vincristine and Vinblastine from Catharanthus Roseus

Q.5 Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Ascention (a) and the Reason (r) regarding mammalian cells. Assertion (a): Cells use Ca2+, and not Na+, for cell-to-cell signalling Reason[r): In the cytosol, concentration of Na+ is lower than that of Ca2+ ? (A) Both (a) and (r) are true and (r) is the correct reason for [a]. (B) Both (a) and rare true but [c] is not the correct reason for (a). (C) Both (a) and care false (D) [a] is true but is false.

Ca2+ vs Na+ in Cell Signaling

Q.4 Which class of antibody is first made by developing B cells inside bone marrow? (A) IgG (B) IgE (C) IgA (D) IgM

First Antibody by B Cells in Bone Marrow

Q.3 Which of the following statements are CORRECT? [P] Viruses can play a role in causing human Cancer [Q] A tumor suppressor gene can be turned off without any change in its DNA sequence [R] Alteration in miRNA expression levels contributes to the development of cancer (A) P and only (B) Q and only (C) P and only (D) P. and R

Tumor Suppressor Genes, Viruses, miRNA in Cancer Development

Q.2 Ras protein is a (A) trimeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleus. (B) monomeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleus. (C) trimeric GTPase involved in regulation of cytoskeleton. (D) monomeric GTPase involved in regulation of cytoskeleton.

Ras Protein as Monomeric GTPase

Q.1 Protein P becomes functional upon phosphorylation of a serine residue. Replacing this serine with will result in a phosphomimic mutant of P. (A) alanine (B) aspartic acid (C) phenylalanine (D) lysine

Phosphomimic Mutant

Q.10 The profit shares of two companies P and Q are shown in the figure. If the two companies have invested a fixed and equal amount every year, then the ratio of the total revenue of company P to the total revenue of company Q, during 2013-2018 is (A) 15 : 17 (B) 16 : 17 (C) 17 : 15 (D) 17 : 16

Profit Shares Ratio

Q.9 For a matrix M = [mij]; i, j = 1,2,3,4, the diagonal elements are all zero and mij = -mji. The minimum number of elements required to fully specify the matrix is (A) 0 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 16

Minimum Elements to Specify 4×4 Skew-Symmetric Matrix

Q.8 The distance between Delhi and Agra is 233 km. A car P started travelling from Delhi to Agra and another car started from Agra to Delhi along the same road 1 hour after the car P started. The two cars crossed each other 75 minutes after the car started. Both cars were travelling at constant speed. The speed of car P was 10 km/hr more than the speed of car Q. How many kilometers the car had travelled when the cars crossed each other? (A) 66.6 (B) 75.2 (C) 88.2 (D) 116.5

Solving the Delhi-Agra Car Speed Puzzle

Q.7 P. Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W are seated around a circular table. 1. Sis seated opposite to W. II. U is seated at the second place to the right of R. III. T is seated at the third place to the left of R. IV. V is a neighbour of S. Which of the following must be true? (A) Pis a neighbour of R. (B) Q is a neighbour of R. (C) P is not seated opposite to Q. (D) R is the left neighbour of s.

Solving the Circular Seating Arrangement Puzzle

Q.6 Repo rate is the rate at which Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lends commercial banks, and reverse repo rate is the rate at which RBI borrows money from commercial banks. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the above passage? (A) Decrease in repo rate will increase cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks. (B) Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks. (C) Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks. (D) Decrease in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks.

Understanding RBI Repo Rate

Q.5 The difference between the sum of the first 2n natural numbers and the sum of the first odd natural numbers is (A) n2-n (B) n2+n (C) 2n2-n (D) 2n2+n

Sum of First 2n Naturals Minus First n Odds

Q.4 Hit by floods, the kharif (summer gown) crops in various parts of the country have been affected. Officials believe that the loss in production of the kharif crops can be recovered in the output of the rabi (winter sown) crops so that the country can achieve its food-grain  production target of 291 million tons in the crop year 2019-20 July June). They are hopeful that good rains in July August will help the soil retain moisture for a longer period, helping winter sown crops such as wheat and pulses during the November-February period. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the given passage? (A) Officials declared that the food-grain production target will be met due to good rains. (B) Officials want the food-grain production target to be met by the November-February period (C) Officials feel that the food-grain production target cannot be met due to floods. (D) Officials hope that the food-grain production target will be met due to a good rabi produce

Inferring from Passage

Q.3 Select the word that fits the analogy: Cover: Uncovers Associate (A) Unassociate (B) Inassociate (C) Misassociate (D) Dissociate

Cover: Uncovers :: Associate: ?

Q.2 Despite a string of poor performances, the chances of K. L. Rahul's selection in the team are (A) slim (B) bright (C) obvious (D) uncertain

KL Rahul Selection Chances Despite Poor Performances

Q.1 Protein P becomes functional upon phosphorylation of a serine residue. Replacing this serine with will result in a phosphomimic mutant of P. (A) alanine (B) aspartic acid (C) phenylalanine (D) lysine

Protein Phosphomimic Mutants

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