Q.43 Match List I with List II
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| A. D’Herelle and Twort | I. Bacterial transformation |
| B. Beadle and Tatum | II. Penicillin |
| C. Fleming | III. One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis |
| D. Griffith | IV. Bacterial viruses |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- (A) – (IV), (B) – (III), (C) – (II), (D) – (I)
- (A) – (I), (B) – (III), (C) – (IV), (D) – (II)
- (A) – (I), (B) – (II), (C) – (IV), (D) – (III)
- (A) – (III), (B) – (IV), (C) – (I), (D) – (II)
The correct matching pairs historical scientists with their key microbiological discoveries in genetics and antibiotics.
Correct Answer
(A) – (IV), (B) – (III), (C) – (II), (D) – (I)
| Scientist | Correct Match | Discovery |
|---|---|---|
| A. D’Herelle and Twort | IV | Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) |
| B. Beadle and Tatum | III | One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis [prior biology context] |
| C. Fleming | II | Penicillin [prior biology context] |
| D. Griffith | I | Bacterial transformation [prior biology context] |
Historical Matches Explained
A. D’Herelle and Twort → IV. Bacterial viruses
Frederick Twort (1915) observed bacterial lysis; Félix d’Hérelle (1917) named bacteriophages—viruses infecting bacteria.
✅ Core to phage discovery.
B. Beadle and Tatum → III. One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis
1941 Neurospora experiments showed one gene codes for one enzyme, foundational to molecular biology. [prior biology context]
✅ Genetic code pioneer.
C. Fleming → II. Penicillin
1928: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin from Penicillium mold inhibiting bacterial growth. [prior biology context]
✅ Antibiotic revolution.
D. Griffith → I. Bacterial transformation
1928: Frederick Griffith’s pneumonia experiments showed “transforming principle” (DNA) transfers virulence. [prior biology context]
✅ Precursor to Avery-MacLeod-McCarty.
All Options Analysis
(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
All matches correct as detailed above.
✅ Correct option.
(A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
A (phages) ≠ transformation; C (penicillin) ≠ viruses; D (transformation) ≠ penicillin.
❌ Wrong: Swaps Griffith/Fleming roles.
(A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
A ≠ transformation; B (gene-enzyme) ≠ penicillin; C ≠ viruses.
❌ Wrong: Mismatches Beadle-Tatum/Fleming.
(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
A (phages) ≠ gene-enzyme; B ≠ viruses; C ≠ transformation.
❌ Wrong: No logical pairings.
Memorize: D’Herelle/Twort = phages (IV), Beadle/Tatum = one gene-one enzyme (III), Fleming = penicillin (II), Griffith = transformation (I).
