In electrophoretic separation of proteins in an agarose gel, electroendosmotic flow occurs. This is a buffer flow
that may disturb protein migration in the gel. Which of the following alternatives reduce electro-endosmotic flow?
(a) Applying less amount of sample
(b) Increasing the voltage
(c) Running the gel at low temperature
(d) Using a support medium with lower charge
✅ Correct answer: (D) Using a support medium with lower charge
Explanation:
Electroendosmotic flow (EOF) occurs due to the interaction between the charged support medium (agarose) and the buffer ions in electrophoresis. This buffer flow can disrupt protein migration and affect separation accuracy.
- Agarose gels have negatively charged groups (e.g., sulfate and carboxyl groups) that attract positive ions from the buffer, leading to buffer movement (EOF) in the opposite direction of protein migration.
- Using a support medium with lower charge (e.g., modified agarose with fewer negative charges) reduces EOF, allowing proteins to migrate more predictably.
Why Not the Other Options?
-
(A) Applying less amount of sample ❌
- The sample volume affects band sharpness, but it does not influence EOF, which is caused by the gel itself.
-
(B) Increasing the voltage ❌
- Higher voltage can actually increase EOF, making the issue worse rather than reducing it.
-
(C) Running the gel at low temperature ❌
- Lower temperature reduces diffusion and Joule heating, but EOF is primarily determined by the charge of the gel, not temperature.
Final Answer:
✅ (D) Using a support medium with lower charge
64 Comments
Parul
February 25, 2025Okay sir.Thankyou
Shreeji charan
February 26, 2025Got it sir
Mahima Sharma
August 24, 2025Using a medium with lower charge
Suman bhakar
February 26, 2025Ok sir
Ashwini Shekhawat
February 26, 2025Thank you for such an explanation sir
Hemlata Meena
February 26, 2025Thank you sir
Meenakshi Choudhary
August 19, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Arushi
February 26, 2025☑️
Ritika Jangir
February 26, 2025Done
Pooja jat
February 27, 2025Done.
Lavanya Sharma
February 27, 2025Ok sir
Lavanya Sharma
February 27, 2025Got it
Prami Masih
February 27, 2025Okay sir
yogesh sharma
February 27, 2025Got it sir
Ujjwal
February 27, 2025Done ✔️
Nisha
February 27, 2025Done
yogesh sharma
February 27, 2025Ok sir
Lokesh kumawat
February 28, 2025Understood well explained
Priya khandal
March 2, 2025Done sir
VIKRAM GAHLOT
March 7, 2025👍
Dipti Sharma
August 14, 2025Ans is D
Neelam Sharma
August 14, 2025(d) Using a support medium with lower charge
Priti khandal
August 14, 2025Option d sir
Parul Yadav
August 14, 2025By using support medium with lower charge reduces Electro endosmotic Flow(EOF).
Priya khandal
August 14, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Shivani
August 15, 2025Ans. (D)
Using a supporting medium with lower charge
Divya rani
August 16, 2025Answer is D because support medium with lower charge will help in the migration of protein properly.
Aafreen
August 17, 2025And- 4th
Using a support medium with lower charge
Kavita choudhary
August 17, 2025Using a support medium with low charge
Manisha gujar
August 17, 2025Using support medium with low charge
Sheikh Aleen
August 17, 2025Ans -D Using a supporting medium with a lower charge
Kajal
August 17, 2025Option d
Using a support medium with lower charge
Avni
August 17, 2025using a support medium with lower charge
Khushi Vaishnav
August 17, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Simran Saini
August 18, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge.
Neeraj Sharma
August 18, 2025Option D is correct as Electroendoosmotic flow(EOF) is basically happens because of the gel itself and to reduce it we modify the gel by using lower charge ions.
Komal Sharma
August 23, 2025Electroendosmotic flow (EOF) occurs due to the interaction between the charged support medium (agarose) and the buffer ions in electrophoresis. This buffer flow can disrupt protein migration and affect separation accuracy so option D is correct
Bharti Yadav
August 24, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Priyanka Choudhary
August 24, 2025Option d is correct answer,Using a support medium with lower charge
Priyanka Choudhary
August 24, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge is right answer
Bhavana kankhedia
August 24, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Bhavana kankhedia
August 24, 2025Use a support medium with lower charge
Sonam Saini
August 24, 2025Use a low charge auxiliary medium
Alec
August 24, 2025option d – using a support medium with low charge helps in reducing electro endosmotic flow.
Anjali
August 24, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge.
Aartii sharma
August 24, 2025Using a supportive medium with lower charge
Falguni Prakash
August 24, 2025D
Kashish yadav
August 25, 2025Option d
sakshi khatri
August 25, 2025done
Ayush Dubey
August 25, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
shruti sharma
August 25, 2025Option d is correct answer,Using a support medium with lower charge
Deepshikha choudhary
August 29, 2025option D is correct using support medium with lower charge bcz it reduces electric endosmsotic flow
Pratibha Jain
August 30, 2025Correct answer is option (D) Using a support medium with lower charge
Patel Radha
August 30, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
anjani sharma
August 30, 2025Answer d
Using a support medium with lower charge
Anisha Beniwal
August 31, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Vanshika Sharma
August 31, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Shobha Kanwar
August 31, 2025using support medium with lower charge reduces Electro endosmotic Flow(EOF).
Anisha jakhar
September 3, 2025(D) Using a support medium with lower charge
Muskan Yadav
September 3, 2025Using a support medium with lower charge
Ajay Sharma
September 4, 2025Support medium with lower charge reduce the gel and buffer interaction and helps in better migration
Somya Yadav
September 5, 2025option d – using a support medium with low charge helps in reducing electro endosmotic flow.
Meera Gurjar
September 13, 2025Using support medium with low charge
Aakansha sharma Sharma
October 1, 2025Correct answer: (D) Using a support medium with lower charge