38. Which one of the following organelles disappears during cell division and is regenerated in the daughter
cells?
1. Endoplasmic reticulum
2. Golgi
3. Mitochondria
4. Peroxisomes

Which Organelle Disappears During Cell Division and Regenerates in Daughter Cells?

Cell division is a critical process in the life of a cell, ensuring that genetic material is accurately passed on to daughter cells. During this complex process, various organelles are reorganized, and some even disappear temporarily to facilitate cell division. But which of these organelles vanishes and is regenerated after cell division?

The Disappearing Organelle: Golgi Apparatus

Among the organelles involved in cell division, the Golgi apparatus is known to temporarily disappear during mitosis and is subsequently regenerated in the daughter cells. This process is crucial for maintaining cellular functions and organization.

• Golgi Apparatus: The Golgi undergoes a process known as fragmentation during cell division, particularly during the transition from interphase to mitosis. The membrane-bound vesicles and tubules of the Golgi disperse, and its components are either recycled or distributed into the daughter cells. After cell division, the Golgi apparatus is reformed in each daughter cell. This is essential for maintaining proper protein processing, lipid synthesis, and vesicular trafficking within the cell.

Why Does This Happen?

• During cell division, the spindle apparatus and the organization of microtubules take precedence. The Golgi apparatus must break down and redistribute its components to ensure that the newly formed cells have access to the proper materials needed for their structure and function.

• The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also plays a role in this process, as it can interact with the fragments of the Golgi to help rebuild it post-division.

Organelle Disappearance in Cell Division:

1. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER doesn’t completely disappear during cell division. It may undergo reorganization, but it remains intact throughout mitosis.

2. Mitochondria: Mitochondria do not disappear during cell division. They are evenly distributed between daughter cells during division through a process called mitochondrial fission.

3. Peroxisomes: Like mitochondria, peroxisomes also do not disappear during cell division. They are inherited and maintained in daughter cells through division and replication.

The Correct Answer:

• Answer: 2. Golgi.

The Golgi apparatus is the organelle that disappears during cell division and is regenerated in the daughter cells after the division process is complete.

Summary:

During cell division, various organelles undergo structural changes to ensure that cellular processes are preserved in the daughter cells. The Golgi apparatus is the only organelle that completely disappears during mitosis and is reformed in each daughter cell. This ensures that the necessary cellular processes, such as protein modification and trafficking, continue functioning smoothly in the new cells.