Q.2 Which among the following belongs to the family “Retroviridae”?
(A) Human Immunodeficiency virus
(B) Ebola virus
(C) Dengue virus
(D) Influenza virus
Which Virus Belongs to Retroviridae Family? MCQ Answer & Explanation
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the correct answer, as it belongs to the Retroviridae family. This family includes enveloped RNA viruses that use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA genome into DNA. Understanding virus families helps in virology exams and research.
Correct Answer
(A) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV, specifically HIV-1 and HIV-2, is classified under the Retroviridae family, subfamily Orthoretrovirinae, genus Lentivirus. These viruses feature a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome and the enzyme reverse transcriptase, enabling integration into host DNA. This classification is confirmed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
Option Explanations
(A) Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV belongs to Retroviridae, known for retroviral replication involving reverse transcription of RNA to DNA. It causes AIDS by targeting CD4+ T cells, leading to immune deficiency.
(B) Ebola Virus
Ebola virus is in the Filoviridae family, not Retroviridae. It has a negative-sense single-stranded RNA genome and causes hemorrhagic fever without reverse transcriptase.
(C) Dengue Virus
Dengue virus belongs to Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus. This positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus spreads via mosquitoes and causes dengue fever, lacking retroviral characteristics.
(D) Influenza Virus
Influenza virus is classified under Orthomyxoviridae family. It possesses a segmented negative-sense RNA genome and replicates in the nucleus, distinct from Retroviridae’s reverse transcription process.
