Q.47 Match List I with List II
| LIST I | LIST II |
|---|---|
| A. Gloger rule | I. Tail, snout, ear and legs of mammals |
| B. Bergman rule | II. Bird wings |
| C. Allen rule | III. Size of animal and body parts |
| D. Rensch rule | IV. Effect on coloration |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
- A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
- A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
- A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
The correct matching for Q.47 is A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II.
Detailed Matching Explanation
A. Gloger’s rule → IV. Effect on coloration: States that animals in warmer, humid climates have darker pigmentation (melanin) for UV protection/thermoregulation, while those in cold/arid areas are paler.
B. Bergmann’s rule → III. Size of animal and body parts: Within species, body size increases in colder climates (lower surface:volume ratio conserves heat); smaller in warmer areas.
C. Allen’s rule → I. Tail, snout, ear and legs of mammals: In colder climates, endotherms evolve shorter appendages (ears, tails, limbs) to minimize surface area and heat loss.
D. Rensch’s rule → II. Bird wings: Within bird species, males have relatively larger wings than females (often linked to sexual dimorphism and display/flight differences).
Incorrect Options Explained
A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II: Wrong—Bergmann’s not about appendages (Allen’s domain); confuses size rules.
A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II: Duplicate/wrong—Bergmann mismatched to appendages.
A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV: Wrong—Gloger’s not appendages; Bergmann not wings; Rensch not coloration.
A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV: Wrong—Gloger’s not wings; Rensch not coloration.
Introduction
Match List I with List II on ecogeographical rules pairs Gloger’s rule (A-IV: coloration), Bergmann’s rule (B-III: animal size), Allen’s rule (C-I: mammal appendages), and Rensch’s rule (D-II: bird wings). These 19th-century principles explain climate-driven morphological evolution in endotherms.Rules Breakdown
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Gloger’s Rule: Darker fur/skin in humid tropics vs. pale in deserts (melanin adaptation).
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Bergmann’s Rule: Larger bodies poleward (e.g., moose bigger northward).
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Allen’s Rule: Shorter ears/tails in Arctic mammals (fox vs. fennec).
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Rensch’s Rule: Greater wing dimorphism in male birds.
Rules Matching Table
List I List II Adaptation Example A. Gloger IV. Coloration Dark squirrels in tropics B. Bergmann III. Size Bigger bears northward C. Allen I. Appendages Short-eared Arctic fox D. Rensch II. Bird wings Male bird wing size Exam Relevance
These rules test biogeography/climate adaptation patterns in NEET/CSIR-NET; remember “Color-Size-Appendages-Wings” sequence.
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