Q85. Match the resistance mechanism in Group I with the antibiotic in Group II
| Group I | Group II |
|---|---|
| P. β-Lactamases Q. Enhanced folate metabolism R. Drug efflux S. Phosphorylation of the drug T. Mutant RNA polymerase |
1. Aminoglycosides 2. Penicillins 3. Sulfa drugs 4. Tetracyclins 5. Nalidixic acid 6. Rifamycin |
- P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-5, T-6
- P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-6, T-5
- P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1, T-6
- P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4, T-6
Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms Matching: Correct Answer & Detailed Analysis
β-Lactamases and other resistance strategies help bacteria evade antibiotics like penicillins and tetracyclines. This guide reveals the correct Group I to Group II matching for exam prep in microbiology and biochemistry.
Correct Answer
The right match is P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1, T-6.
This pairs each resistance mechanism with its primary antibiotic target accurately.
β-Lactamases hydrolyze penicillins, while efflux pumps eject tetracyclins, based on standard mechanisms in bacterial resistance.Matching Breakdown
-
P. β-Lactamases → 2. Penicillins: Enzymes like β-lactamases cleave the β-lactam ring in penicillins, inactivating them before they bind penicillin-binding proteins.
This is the most common resistance to β-lactams in Gram-negative bacteria. -
Q. Enhanced folate metabolism → 3. Sulfa drugs: Bacteria bypass sulfa drug inhibition by overproducing folate pathway enzymes or using alternative pathways.
Sulfa drugs block para-aminobenzoic acid incorporation into folic acid. -
R. Drug efflux → 4. Tetracyclins: Efflux pumps actively export tetracyclins from the cell, reducing intracellular levels needed to inhibit protein synthesis.
Common in Gram-negative pathogens. -
S. Phosphorylation of the drug → 1. Aminoglycosides: Kinases phosphorylate aminoglycosides, preventing ribosomal binding and protein synthesis inhibition.
This modifies the drug for expulsion or inactivation. -
T. Mutant RNA polymerase → 6. Rifamycin: Mutations alter rifamycin’s binding site on RNA polymerase, blocking transcription inhibition.
Rifamycins like rifampicin target bacterial RNA synthesis.
Options Analysis
Evaluate all choices to understand distractors:
Option P Q R S T Why Incorrect P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-5, T-6 2 3 4 5 6 S wrong: Phosphorylation fits aminoglycosides (1), not nalidixic acid (5) . P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-6, T-5 3 4 1 6 5 Multiple errors: P not sulfa (3); R not aminoglycosides (1) . P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1, T-6 2 3 4 1 6 Correct: Matches all mechanisms precisely . P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4, T-6 1 2 3 4 6 Wrong across: P not aminoglycosides (1); Q not penicillins (2) . -
