2.
Platelets contain
a. Both genomic and mitochondrial DNA
b. Only mitochondrial DNA
c. Only genomic DNA
d. No DNA

Platelets contain both genomic and mitochondrial DNA, but the majority of their DNA content is mitochondrial DNA. Recent research has shown that platelets, despite being anucleate (lacking a nucleus), do contain small fragments of genomic DNA inherited from their parent megakaryocytes, as well as a complete mitochondrial genome.​

Option Analysis

• a. Both genomic and mitochondrial DNA
  This is correct. Platelets contain fragments of genomic DNA (from megakaryocytes) and a full mitochondrial genome.​

• b. Only mitochondrial DNA
  Incorrect. Although mitochondrial DNA is the major component, genomic DNA fragments are also present.​

• c. Only genomic DNA
  Incorrect. Platelets do not contain a complete set of genomic DNA, only fragments.​

• d. No DNA
  Incorrect. Platelets do contain both mitochondrial and some genomic DNA fragments.​

Introduction:
Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are anucleate blood cells traditionally thought to lack DNA. However, recent studies have revealed that platelets do contain both genomic DNA fragments and a complete mitochondrial genome. This discovery has important implications for understanding platelet function, disease diagnosis, and the field of liquid biopsy.

Platelets and DNA: The Science Explained
Platelets are produced by megakaryocytes and, while they do not have a nucleus, they inherit small fragments of genomic DNA during their formation. Additionally, each platelet contains several mitochondria, each housing its own mitochondrial DNA. Research shows that the majority of DNA in platelets is mitochondrial, but genomic DNA fragments are also present and can be detected through advanced sequencing techniques.​

Implications for Medical Science
The presence of both types of DNA in platelets means they can serve as a reservoir for genetic material, which can be useful in detecting diseases such as cancer or genetic disorders. Platelet DNA analysis is emerging as a powerful tool in liquid biopsy and could complement existing methods that rely on plasma DNA.​

Conclusion
Platelets contain both genomic and mitochondrial DNA, challenging the long-held belief that they are entirely DNA-free. This new understanding opens up exciting possibilities for diagnostics and research in molecular biology and medicine.

Keywords: platelets DNA content, genomic DNA in platelets, mitochondrial DNA in platelets, platelet DNA fragments, platelet biology, liquid biopsy, DNA in anucleate cells.​