25. The main alkaloid obtained for Dioscoreo deltoids is
(1) Diosgenin         (2) Atropine
(3) Quinone           (4) Serpentine

Correct answer: (1) Diosgenin

Explanation:

• The main bioactive compound obtained from Dioscorea deltoidea (a species of yam) is diosgenin, a steroidal saponin glycoside.

• Diosgenin is an important precursor for the synthesis of various steroidal drugs including contraceptives and corticosteroids.

• Atropine is derived from Atropa belladonna, not Dioscorea.

• Quinine is derived from Cinchona species.

• Serpentine (reserpine) is extracted from Rauwolfia serpentina, not Dioscorea.

Option-wise:

• (1) Diosgenin — correct.

• (2) Atropine — incorrect.

• (3) Quinine — incorrect.

• (4) Serpentine — incorrect.

Dioscorea deltoidea is known for its high diosgenin content, a steroidal saponin integral to pharmaceutical synthesis of hormones and steroids, distinguishing it from plants like Atropa or Rauwolfia that produce other alkaloids.