In context to lac operon. if two bacterial strains P1 and P2 with the genotypes OCI+Z– and O+I–Z+ respectively, were used to produce mero-diploid daughter strain D, which one of […]
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Decoding E. coli Growth Curves: Glucose, Galactose, and Phage Infection Dynamics
16. E.coli was grown in three different experimental conditions. In one, it was grown in medium Containing as carbon source; in the second in medium containing both glucose and galactose; […]
Lac Repressor vs. Pur Repressor: Key Differences in Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
15. Lac repressor inhibits expression of genes lac-operon whereas purine biosynthesis is repressed by the Pur repressor. The two sequences and have Similar three dimensional The gene regulatory properties of […]
Why the First AUG Isn’t Always the Start in Eukaryotic mRNAs
It has been observed that in 5-10% of the eukaryotic mRNAs with multiple AUGs, the first AUG is not the initiation site, In such cases, the ribosome skips over one […]
Growth Curve of lacI Mutant E. coli in Glucose and Lactose
14. The following figure represent the growth curve of wild type E.coli grown in a medium containing both glucose and lactose. In E.coli, the catabolite repression of lactose Operon by […]
Circular mRNA and Protein Synthesis: Mechanisms Behind Rapid Translation in Eukaryotic Cells
presence of Circular mRNAs a specific protein in an eukaryotic cell reflects a rapid rate of synthesis Of that protein. following mechanisms are suggested: A) Eif-4G and PABP promote this […]
During Translation Termination the Release Factor Binds to Stop Codon
During translation when release factor binds to stop codon on m-RNA in A-site of ribosome, the synthesized translation peptide transferred to (1) t-RNA (2) Water (3) H+(4) Amino acids Introduction […]
β-Galactosidase Activity in Merodiploid E. coli
13. A merodiploid strain of E. coli with the genotype F+OCZ–Y+/ O+Z+Y+was constructed. The activity of β-galactosidase enzyme was measured in this strain upon following treatments. (A) no induction (B) […]
The Critical Step During Elongation of Translation is Translocation of the Ribosome
The most critial step during elongation for correct proteins synthesis is (1) Binding of ribosome to m.RNA (2) Formation Initiation complex (3) Aminoacylation of t-RNA (4) Translocation Of ribosome Introduction […]
Catabolite Repression in Bacteria
A bacterial stra•n can use carbohydrates and hydrocarbons as growth substrates. The strain uses glucose following a minimal lag period after inoculation, regardless of the other carbohydrates and hydrocarbons in […]


