Which one of the following options represents all correct matches between terms of Column A and Column B?
(1) A-iv; B-iii; C-i; D-ii (2) A-iii; B-i; C-iv; D-ii
(3) A-ii; B-iii; C-iv; D-l (4) A-i; B-iv; C-ii; D-iii

Column A terms and correct Column B features

A. Cis-genics → (iv) Use of endogenous plant genes and regulatory elements

• Cis-genics introduces genes from the same or sexually compatible species, along with their native promoters/terminators, avoiding foreign DNA.

• Hence it matches “use of endogenous plant genes and regulatory elements” (iv).

B. Zinc-finger proteins → (iii) Site-specific recombination

• Engineered zinc-finger proteins, especially when fused to nucleases or recombinases, recognize specific DNA sequences and mediate site-specific cleavage or recombination.

• Therefore they correspond to “site-specific recombination” (iii).

C. Comparative genomics → (i) Synteny studies

• Comparative genomics compares genomes across species to identify conserved blocks of genes and order, i.e., synteny and collinearity.

• So it matches “synteny studies” (i).

D. Association mapping → (ii) Linkage disequilibrium

• Association (GWAS) mapping correlates phenotypes with molecular markers by exploiting linkage disequilibrium (non‑random association of alleles) in natural populations.

• Thus it aligns with “linkage disequilibrium” (ii).

Checking the options

1. A–iv; B–iii; C–i; D–ii – all matches correct → chosen.

2. A–iii; B–i; C–iv; D–ii – misassigns all but D.

3. A–ii; B–iii; C–iv; D–i – wrong for A, C, D.

4. A–i; B–iv; C–ii; D–iii – none match correctly.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (1).