The data from an S1 nuclease mapping experiment for a transcript mfg1 using a 5′-end labelled probe are shown below. Following interpretations were made: A. The liver RNA is 500 […]
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Interpreting Run-Off Transcription Assay Results: Specificity of Novel Sigma Factors for Promoters
7. Run off transcription assays were performed to establish the specificity of three novel sigma factors for their promoters. Result of the experiments are shown below: Following inferences were made […]
Interpreting EMSA Results: Understanding Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions in Gene Regulation
6. A researcher was working with three proteins, A, B and C which may have potential roles in gene expression. In order to validate the hypothesis, EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift […]
Promoter Deletion Analysis To Identify Negative Regulatory Element
Deletion analysis of a promoter region of a gene was carried out to identify the regulatory elements in it. In the figure below, the filled boxes denote the areas of […]
Positive and Negative Regulatory Elements in Promoters by Luciferase Reporter Deletion Constructs
In order to identify the regulatory regions of a novel promoter sequence shown above, four 150 bp deletion constructs were made in a luciferase reporter system as indicated above in […]
Promoter Deletion Analysis: Identifying Activator and Repressor Binding Sites in Gene Regulation
3. A promoter deletion study was done in order to determine the binding sites for a transcription factor on the promoter, which is activated on treatment with the drug ‘X’. […]
Co-immunoprecipitation: The Most Effective Method to Study Protein-Protein Interactions
Which of the following methods can be used to study protein-protein interactions? (1) Co-immunoprecipitation (2) Peptide mapping (3) Radiolabeling (4) Enzyme linked immunoassay Introduction Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are fundamental to […]
DNase I Foot printing to Study Transcription Factors and Their Binding Sites
1. Which technique is most suitable to study transcription factor and its binding site? (1) DNAse I foot printing (2) Western blotting (3) Northern blotting (4) Microarray Introduction Understanding […]
Chromatin Condensation in Yeast and Humans: SIR Complex and HP1
49. Which one of the following combinations represents the major protein or protein complex involved in chromatin condensation in yeast and human, respectively? (1) HP1 and SIR Complex (2) SIR […]
X-Chromosome Inactivation: Role of XIST, Tsix, and Parental Origin
48. The following statements were made about X- chromosome inactivation in humans: A. Maternally-derived X-chromosome has a greater chance of becoming inactivated in any given cell. B. Both X-chromosomes are […]


