(A)
P-1-iv
Q-2-iii
R-6-i
S-4-ii

(B)
P-2-v
Q-4-vi
R-3-iii
S-5-iv

(C)
P-3-v
Q-6-iii
R-5-i
S-2-ii

(D)
P-3-vi
Q-4-i
R-1-v
S-5-ii

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Introduction

Questions based on floral formulae are very common in NEET, CUET, and other biology entrance exams. To solve them accurately, you must understand the symbolism of floral formulae and their characteristic features of plant families.

In this article, we will:

• Identify the correct combination of floral formula, family, and plant species

• Explain each floral formula (P, Q, R, S)

• Eliminate incorrect options logically

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Understanding the Floral Formulae

Floral Formula P

⊕ ⚥
P₀ or 2–3, A₃ or 3+3, G₁ or (3)

🔹 Key Features:

• Actinomorphic, bisexual flower

• Perianth absent or 2–3

• Androecium 3 or 6

• Gynoecium monocarpellary or tricarpellary

✅ Family: Gramineae (Poaceae)
✅ Plant: Oryza sativa (Rice)

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Floral Formula Q

⊕ ⚥ P₃+₃, A₃+₃ or ⊕ ⚥ P₃+₃, G̲(3)

🔹 Key Features:

• Actinomorphic, bisexual

• Perianth in two whorls (3+3)

• Tricarpellary inferior ovary

✅ Family: Marantaceae
✅ Plant: Maranta bicolor

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Floral Formula R

⊕ ⚥ P₃+₃, A₃+₃, G̲(3)

🔹 Key Features:

• Actinomorphic and bisexual

• Six perianth members

• Six stamens

• Tricarpellary inferior ovary

✅ Family: Musaceae
✅ Plant: Musa paradisiaca (Banana)

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Floral Formula S

↓ ⚥ P₃+₃, A₆ or 5, Ḡ(3)

🔹 Key Features:

• Zygomorphic flower

• Perianth 6

• Stamens 5 or 6 (often sterile staminodes)

• Inferior ovary

✅ Family: Cannaceae
✅ Plant: Canna indica

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Correct Matching Summary

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Correct Answer Option

✅ Option (C)

P – 3 – v
Q – 6 – iii
R – 5 – ii
S – 2 – iv

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Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option (A)

• Incorrectly matches Poaceae with Cocos nucifera (belongs to Arecaceae)

Option (B)

• Wrong pairing of Musaceae with Maranta bicolor

Option (D)

• Allium cepa (Liliaceae) does not match given floral formulae

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Exam Tip

Always remember:

• Poaceae → Reduced perianth, monocarpellary ovary

• Musaceae & Cannaceae → Inferior ovary

• Marantaceae → Highly modified androecium