Q.3 Eukaryotic cell containing flagella is
Eukaryotic cells use flagella as long, whip-like structures for locomotion, distinct from shorter cilia. This MCQ tests knowledge of flagella in eukaryotes like sperm versus ciliated cells. The correct answer is sperm, as it possesses a true eukaryotic flagellum.
Option Analysis
Cells lining the fallopian tube feature motile cilia, not flagella, which beat in coordinated waves to transport ova toward the uterus. These cilia exhibit a 9+2 microtubule structure but differ in length and number from flagella.
Sperm cells contain a single, long flagellum (tail) essential for propulsion through the female reproductive tract. This eukaryotic flagellum follows the 9+2 axoneme arrangement powered by dynein motors and ATP hydrolysis.
Paramecium, a ciliate protozoan, is covered in thousands of short cilia for locomotion and feeding, lacking flagella entirely. Cilia enable its characteristic spiral swimming via rhythmic beating.
Cells lining the respiratory tract have cilia that sweep mucus and debris outward, preventing infection; these are numerous and short, not flagella.
Key Differences: Flagella vs Cilia
| Feature | Flagella | Cilia |
|---|---|---|
| Number per cell | Few (often 1-2) | Many (hundreds to thousands) |
| Length | Long (10-200 μm) | Short (5-10 μm) |
| Movement | Undulating/propeller-like | Power stroke + recovery |
| Function | Cell propulsion (e.g., sperm) | Fluid movement (e.g., respiratory) |
CSIR NET Exam Insight
This question highlights the distinction between flagella and cilia, both with 9+2 microtubules but differentiated by morphology and role. Sperm flagella enable fertility, while ciliopathies affect multiciliated tissues. Master this for cell biology sections.
