Q.59. Match the plant part (Group I) with the product obtained (Group II) and the representative plant
species (Group III) in CORRECT combination
Group I
P. Bark
Q. Leaf
R. Flower
S. Fruit
Group II
i. Tannins
ii. Saffron
iii. Codeine
iv. Aromatic oil
Group III
1. Papaver somniferum
2. Camellia sinensis
3. Cinnamomum zeylanicum
4. Crocus sativus
(A) P-ii-1, Q-i-3, R-iv-2, S-iii-4
(B) P-ii-1, Q-i-2, R-iv-4, S-iii-3
(C) P-ii-2, Q-iv-3, R-i-4, S-iii-1
(D) P-iv-3, Q-i-2, R-ii-4, S-iii-1

The correct answer is option (D): P-iv-3, Q-i-2, R-ii-4, S-iii-1. This combination correctly matches plant part, product, and representative species.

Question breakdown

The question asks to match:

• Group I (Plant part):
  P. Bark
  Q. Leaf
  R. Flower
  S. Fruit

• Group II (Product):
  i. Tannins
  ii. Saffron
  iii. Codeine
  iv. Aromatic oil

• Group III (Representative plant species):

  1. Papaver somniferum

  2. Camellia sinensis

  3. Cinnamomum zeylanicum

  4. Crocus sativus

Correct matching given in option (D) is:

• P (Bark) – iv (Aromatic oil) – 3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)

• Q (Leaf) – i (Tannins) – 2 (Camellia sinensis)

• R (Flower) – ii (Saffron) – 4 (Crocus sativus)

• S (Fruit) – iii (Codeine) – 1 (Papaver somniferum)

Why this matching is correct

• Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) bark contains aromatic volatile oil responsible for its fragrance and flavor, and the commercial product is obtained from the bark.

• Camellia sinensis (tea) leaves are rich in tannins, which contribute to the astringent taste of tea infusions.

• Crocus sativus produces saffron from the dried stigmas of the flower, making the flower the relevant plant part.

• Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) produces alkaloids like morphine and codeine mainly in the latex of the unripe fruit capsule, so the pharmacologically important part is the fruit.

Putting this together confirms option (D).

Matching table for clarity

Explanation of each option

Option (A): P-ii-1, Q-i-3, R-iv-2, S-iii-4

• P (Bark) – ii (Saffron) – 1 (Papaver somniferum): Saffron is not obtained from bark and certainly not from Papaver; it comes from Crocus stigmas of the flower, so this is incorrect.

• Q (Leaf) – i (Tannins) – 3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): Cinnamon is used mainly for its bark; leaves are not the classical tannin source here, so wrong species-part-product match.

• R (Flower) – iv (Aromatic oil) – 2 (Camellia sinensis): Tea is valued for leaves, not for aromatic oil from flowers, making this incorrect.

• S (Fruit) – iii (Codeine) – 4 (Crocus sativus): Crocus fruit is not the source of codeine; codeine is a poppy alkaloid, so this is wrong.

Hence option (A) is incorrect.

Option (B): P-ii-1, Q-i-2, R-iv-4, S-iii-3

• P (Bark) – ii (Saffron) – 1 (Papaver somniferum): Again, saffron is not from Papaver bark, so incorrect.

• Q (Leaf) – i (Tannins) – 2 (Camellia sinensis): This single pair is actually correct (tea leaves and tannins), but all pairs must match, not just one.

• R (Flower) – iv (Aromatic oil) – 4 (Crocus sativus): Saffron (pigment, flavor) is the product, not aromatic oil; so this is incorrect.

• S (Fruit) – iii (Codeine) – 3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): Codeine is not obtained from cinnamon fruit, so wrong.

Thus, option (B) is also incorrect.

Option (C): P-ii-2, Q-iv-3, R-i-4, S-iii-1

• P (Bark) – ii (Saffron) – 2 (Camellia sinensis): Tea bark is not a source of saffron, which already makes this incorrect.

• Q (Leaf) – iv (Aromatic oil) – 3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): Cinnamon leaf oil does exist, but the classical major aromatic oil of cinnamon is from bark, and this combination does not match the standard representative pairing required in such exam questions.

• R (Flower) – i (Tannins) – 4 (Crocus sativus): Crocus flowers are not known as tannin sources; the product is saffron, not tannins, so wrong.

• S (Fruit) – iii (Codeine) – 1 (Papaver somniferum): This pair (fruit–codeine–poppy) is correct, but again all pairs must match, and the others do not.

Hence option (C) is incorrect overall.

Option (D): P-iv-3, Q-i-2, R-ii-4, S-iii-1

• P (Bark) – iv (Aromatic oil) – 3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): Cinnamon bark is a classical source of aromatic essential oil.

• Q (Leaf) – i (Tannins) – 2 (Camellia sinensis): Tea leaves contain tannins responsible for astringency and color.

• R (Flower) – ii (Saffron) – 4 (Crocus sativus): Saffron is dried stigmas of Crocus flowers; this is the standard textbook pairing.

• S (Fruit) – iii (Codeine) – 1 (Papaver somniferum): Opium poppy fruit capsule latex yields morphine and codeine.

All four triplets are correctly matched, so option (D) is the correct answer.