Question 58:
Match List I with List II:
| List I: Category | List II: Examples |
|---|---|
| A. Fatty acids | (iv) Oleate |
| B. Prenol lipids | (ii) Farnesol |
| C. Saccharolipids | (iii) Lipopolysaccharide |
| D. Polyketides | (i) Tetracycline |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The correct answer is (D) (A) – (IV), (B) – (II), (C) – (III), (D) – (I).
Oleate exemplifies fatty acids (monounsaturated C18:1), farnesol represents prenol lipids (isoprenoid alcohols), lipopolysaccharide typifies saccharolipids (lipid-sugar conjugates in bacterial membranes), and tetracycline illustrates polyketides (polyketide antibiotic).
Option Breakdown
(A) (A)-(i) Tetracycline, (B)-(iii) Lipopolysaccharide, (C)-(ii) Farnesol, (D)-(iv) Oleate
Wrong; mismatches tetracycline (polyketide) to fatty acids and oleate (fatty acid) to polyketides.
(B) (A)-(ii) Farnesol, (B)-(iii) Lipopolysaccharide, (C)-(iv) Oleate, (D)-(i) Tetracycline
Incorrect; assigns prenol farnesol to fatty acids and oleate to saccharolipids.
(C) (A)-(iii) Lipopolysaccharide, (B)-(iv) Oleate, (C)-(i) Tetracycline, (D)-(ii) Farnesol
No; confuses LPS (saccharolipid) with fatty acids and oleate with prenols.
(D) (A)-(iv) Oleate, (B)-(ii) Farnesol, (C)-(iii) Lipopolysaccharide, (D)-(i) Tetracycline
Correct matching per lipid classification systems (LIPID MAPS): fatty acid → oleate, prenol → farnesol, saccharolipid → LPS, polyketide → tetracycline.
Introduction to Fatty Acids Prenol Lipids Saccharolipids Polyketides
Fatty acids prenol lipids saccharolipids polyketides represent LIPID MAPS classification tested in GATE Life Sciences, linking oleate (simple chains), farnesol (isoprenoids), LPS (glycolipids), tetracycline (PK synth).
Lipid Category Characteristics
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Fatty acids: Carboxylic acids like oleic (C18:1 cis-9), membrane/phospholipid precursors.
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Prenol lipids: Isoprenoid polymers (C5 units); farnesol (C15) intermediates in cholesterol/ubiquinone.
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Saccharolipids: Lipids with direct sugar-lipid bonds; LPS core in Gram-negative endotoxin.
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Polyketides: Acetate-derived via PKS enzymes; tetracycline antibiotic example.
Correct Matching Table
| Category | Example | Key Feature [Source] |
|---|---|---|
| Fatty Acids | Oleate (iv) | Monounsaturated C18 |
| Prenol Lipids | Farnesol (ii) | C15 isoprenoid alcohol |
| Saccharolipids | LPS (iii) | Bacterial glycolipid |
| Polyketides | Tetracycline (i) | Antibiotic PKS product |
Option D perfectly aligns fatty acids prenol lipids saccharolipids polyketides.
Exam Strategy for Life Sciences
Extends prior phospholipid (PC/PS glycerophospholipids) and lipid function queries; memorize LIPID MAPS 8 categories for advanced biochemistry PYQs.
