A ‘ nonsense’ mutation in the protein coding region of an upstream gene of a group of genes in an operon often leads to depletion of the downstream gene products. […]
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Why Yeast Autonomous Replicating Sequence (ARS) Is Essential for Plasmid Stability and Yeast Viability
In a genetic assay, randomly generated fragments of yeast DNA were cloned into a bacterial plasmid containing gene ‘X’ essential for yeast viability on minimal media. The recombinant plasmid was […]
Minimum Number of tRNAs Required to Decode All Arginine Codons Without Inosine
The amino acid arginine is encoded by six codon: CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. Assuming inosine is not an option in the tRNA anticodon, what is the minimum […]
Key Steps in Eukaryotic DNA Replication That Require ATP Hydrolysis
Some of the steps in the process of eukaryotic DNA replication mentioned below require hydrolysis of ATP. (A) Phosphodiester bond formation (B) DNA strand separation by helicase (C) Clamp-loader association […]
What Is a Polysome? The Role of Multiple Ribosomes on a Single mRNA Strand
The polysome can be describes as (1) A special ribosome occurring in prokaryotes (2) A DNA strand which is being transcribed by may RNA polymerase(3) String of RNA occupied by […]
What Happens to Sliding Clamp-Loaders After They Load Sliding Clamps Onto DNA?
The high processivity of DNA polymerases during replication is because of their association with proteins called sliding clamps. For loading onto DNA, sliding clamps require sliding clamp-loaders. Which of the […]
Which Polypeptide Cannot Be Produced from a Given DNA Sequence in Any Reading Frame?
Given below is a partial coding sequence of a gene: 5′.AATGGACGCATGTGTCGATGG-3′ Which one of the following polypeptides CANNOT be produced by transcription and translation of the above DNA sequence in […]
Understanding Replication Forks, Bubbles, and DNA Synthesis According to Okazaki
65. The following statements are made on DNA replication: A. Replication fork is a branch point in a replication ‘eye’ or ‘bubble’. B. A replication bubble contains two replication forks. […]
Differences in Peptide Translation of the Same RNA Sequence in Mammalian Cytosol and Mitochondria
Imagine the following RNA sequence is translated in the mammalian cytosol and mitochondria. RNA sequence: AUG AUA CUG UGA CUU AGG CUC UAA Following are some putative peptide sequences CytosolMitochondria […]
Key Facts About Eukaryotic DNA Replication: Origins, Pulse-Chase Labeling, and Elongation Rates
Following are certain statements related to eukaryotic DNA replication: The genome of multicellular animals contain many potential origins of replication. During early development, when embryos are undergoing rapid cell divisions, […]


