Q.49 Which of the following statements are related to nutrition?

1. Parietal cells in the stomach secrete pepsinogen.
2. Exocrine cells in the pancreas secrete digestive enzyme.
3. Liver stores glucose in the form of starch.
4. Lysozyme is present in the saliva which kills microorganisms.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C, D only
2. A, B, D only
3. C, D only
4. B, D only
   

   Which Statements Relate to Nutrition?

   Correct Answer: B, D only

   This multiple-choice question tests knowledge of human digestive and nutritional processes, focusing on secretions involved in nutrient breakdown and protection.

   Parietal Cells Statement (A)

   Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor, not pepsinogen. Pepsinogen comes from chief cells. HCl activates pepsinogen into pepsin for protein digestion, but parietal cells do not secrete pepsinogen itself, so this statement is incorrect for nutrition.

   Exocrine Pancreas Statement (B)

   Exocrine cells in the pancreas secrete digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and proteases into the small intestine. These break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for nutrient absorption, directly relating to nutrition.

   Liver Storage Statement (C)

   The liver stores glucose as glycogen, not starch. Glycogen, the animal form of glucose storage, breaks down to maintain blood sugar levels, while starch is a plant storage form. This makes the statement incorrect.

   Lysozyme in Saliva Statement (D)

   Lysozyme in saliva is an enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls, killing microorganisms and protecting the oral cavity. This antimicrobial role supports healthy digestion by preventing infections, relating to nutrition indirectly.

   Why B and D Only?

   Statements B and D accurately describe processes aiding nutrient digestion and utilization: pancreatic enzymes for breakdown and lysozyme for microbial defense. A is factually wrong, and C confuses animal glycogen with plant starch.

   Option	Statement	Related to Nutrition?	Reason
   A	Parietal cells secrete pepsinogen	No	Chief cells secrete pepsinogen; parietal cells secrete HCl
   B	Exocrine pancreas secretes enzymes	Yes	Digests carbs, proteins, fats
   C	Liver stores glucose as starch	No	Stores as glycogen
   D	Lysozyme in saliva kills microbes	Yes	Antimicrobial protection for digestion