36. A breakthrough in cancer therapy is expected where T- cells are taken from a patient are modified in the laboratory to attack cancer cells before re-infusion in the patient. These T cells are called
    (1) cancer associated receptor T cells
    (2) chimeric antigen-receptor T cells
    (3) chimeric B and T cell
    (4) cancer antigens recognition T cells

The T cells that are taken from a patient, genetically modified in the laboratory to attack cancer cells, and then re-infused into the patient are called:

(2) chimeric antigen-receptor T cells (CAR T cells)

Explanation

• CAR T cells are T lymphocytes that have been engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on their surface. These synthetic receptors allow the T cells to specifically recognize and bind to antigens on cancer cells, activating the immune response to kill the cancer.​

• This therapy involves collecting the patient’s own T cells, modifying them in a lab to target tumor-specific antigens, expanding them in large numbers, and then administering them back to the patient as a “living drug” with the capability to seek out and eliminate cancer cells.

• CAR T cell therapy has shown remarkable success in treating certain blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma and is being expanded to other cancers.​