102. For metabolic engineering in plants having improved tolerance to osmotic stress, mannitol is overproduced because it: (1) lowers the water potential in the plant cell (2) increases the water […]
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How Glyphosate Inhibits Plant Growth by Targeting 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate Synthase
The broad- spectrum herbicide glyphosate, the active ingredient of Roundup, inhibits this enzyme 1.Shikimate dehydrogenase 2. 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase 3.Chorismate synthase 4. 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase Introduction Glyphosate is a widely used […]
Title: Understanding Reverse Phase Chromatography: Key Principles and a Common Misconception
100. Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT in relation to reverse phase chromatography? (1) The solutes elute with decreasing order of polarity. (2) The stationary phase surface covering […]
Understanding Secondary Metabolites in Plants
61. Which one of the following is not a secondary metabolite? (a) Acetyl-CoA (b) Coumarins (c) Flavonoids (d) Squalene Introduction Secondary metabolites are a class of compounds produced by plants […]
Understanding the Role of Gibberellins in Plant Growth
60. Which one of the following statements are TRUE for gibberellins? A. Gibberellins promote seed germination B. Gibberellins cannot stimulate leaf growth C. Gibberellins cannot stimulate stem growth D. Gibberellins […]
Title: Why Proteins Are Excellent Buffers: Role of pKa Values in Protein Buffering Capacity
99. Proteins can act as excellent buffers because of: (1) The wide range of pKa values of side chains found within the proteins. (2) The ability of the terminal regions […]
Understanding Phytochrome B’s Role in Etiolated Seedlings and Light Sensitivity
Which class of phytochromes is highly abundant in etiolated seedlings and is also light labile? 1.Phytochrome D 2.Phytochrome B 3.Phytochrome A 4.Phytochrome C Introduction Phytochromes are a group of photoreceptor […]
Understanding Non-Climacteric Fruits: A Look at Examples
59. Which one of the following is a non-climacteric fruit? (a) Jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus) (b) Tomato (Solanumlycopersicum) (c) Wild banana (Musa balbisiana) (d) Wild strawberry (Fragariavesca) Introduction Fruits are classified into […]
Effect of Hormones on Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana
58. Seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media without anyhormones germinates faster than in the medium that contains: (a) Abscisic acid (b) Auxin (c) Cytokinin (d) […]
Understanding Glycine’s Role in the Ramachandran Map
The amino acid residue with the least preference for any quadrant in the Ramachandran map is 1. Valine 2. glycine 3. serine 4. alanine Introduction The Ramachandran map is a […]


