70. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: A base substitution in DNA does not always […]
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Cellular Components and Their Functions: GPI, SRP, PDI, and BiP Explained
69. Match List I with List II LIST I […]
Understanding Partition-Based Bioseparation Techniques: What Doesn’t Belong?
200. Which one of the following is NOT used for partition based bio-separation? 1. Solvent extraction 2. Electrodialysis 3. Salting out 4. Adsorption chromatography Introduction Bioseparation is a critical step […]
Does DNA Denaturation Involve Breaking Covalent Bonds?
68. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A: Heat and extremes of pH cause denaturation, or […]
Understanding Anaerobic Lactic Acid Fermentation in Bacteria
199. In anaerobic lactic acid fermentation by bacteria, glucose is partially oxidised to pyruvate followed by reduction to lactate: 1. for maintaining proton motive force 2. for cofactor balancing 3. […]
Understanding Sedimentation Efficiency: The Role of Forces Involved
198. Sedimentation efficiency depends on the relative strength of : 1. Drag versus centrifugal force 2. Drag versus gravitational force 3. Gravitational versus centrifugal force 4. Gravitational versus electrostatic force […]
How Rotor Diameter Affects RPM in Centrifugation
67. Cells are successfully pelleted in a small rotor at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes. If we now use a bigger rotor with twice the diameter to pellet the cells […]
Understanding the Driving Force for Mass Transfer by Molecular Diffusion
197. The driving force for mass transfer by molecular diffusion is the difference in 1. Potential energy 2. Vapour pressure 3. Gibbs free energy 4. Chemical potential Introduction: Mass transfer […]
Understanding Moisture Transfer in Food Products with Specific Water Activity
196. A food product having water activity of 0.6 is exposed to conditions of 30°C and 70% R.H. This product will tend to ___________ 1. Gain moisture 2. Lose moisture […]
Calculating the Mixture of Two Sucrose Solutions to Achieve a Desired Concentration
195. Two sucrose solutions ‘A’= 30g/100g and ‘B’= 60 g/100 g have to be mixed to prepare 1 kg of 50g/100g sugar syrup. The amounts of ‘A’ and ‘B’ solutions […]


