During vulva development in C. elegans, the anchor cell produces Lin-3 protein which interacts with the Let-23 protein present on the six vulval precursor cells (VPCs) that form an equivalence […]
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Key Insights into C. elegans Vulva Development: Anchor Cell Induction and Cell Fate Determination
Development of vulva in C. elegans is initiated by the induction of a small number of cells by short range signals from a single inducing cell. With reference to this, […]
Cellular Structure of Angiosperm Gametophytes: Understanding the 7-Cell Female Gametophyte
Generally the number of cells present in gametophyte of angiosperm are- (1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 3 (4) 5 Introduction Angiosperms, or flowering plants, have highly reduced and specialized gametophytes […]
Understanding Vulval Precursor Cell Recruitment in C. elegans: Explaining Developmental Flexibility
In C. elegans during embryogenesis, an anchor cell and 6 hypodermal vulval precursor cells (VPCs) get involved in forming the vulva. If 3 of the hypodermal VPCs are killed by […]
Apomixis in Plants: Asexual Seed Formation Without Fertilization
1. Apomixis is reproduction in which (1) Fusion of gametes but no fusion of central cell (2) Egg form complete plant (3) Pollen forms seeds (4) Seeds are formed without […]
Key Findings from Vulva Development Experiments in C. elegans: Which Hypodermal Cells and Signals Matter?
The following experiments related to vulva development in C. elegans were performed: • When the anchor cell was killed by laser beam at early embryonic development and embryo was allowed […]
Dissecting Vulva Formation in C. elegans: Key Experimental Insights and Derived Statements
In C. elegans, an anchor cell and a few hypodermal cells take part in the formation of vulva. The experiment performed to understand the role of these cells in vulva […]
Why Are C. elegans Vulval Equivalence Group Cells So Named?
A group of six cells called ‘equivalence group cells’ divide to form the vulval structure in Caenorhabditis elegans. They are called so because (1) they have similar fates during development […]
Formation and Role of the Blastocoel-like Cavity in Avian Embryo Development
67. In the avian embryo, the blastocoel-like fluid-filled cavity is formed between: (1) epiblast and hypoblast (2) hypoblast and yolk (3) primary hypoblast and secondary hypoblast (4) Koller’s sickle and […]
Caenorhabditis elegans: The Prime Model Organism for Studying Cell Lineage
The model organism to study cell lineage is (1) Xenopus (2) Yeast (3) Caenorhabditis elegans (4) Drosophila Understanding how cells divide, differentiate, and form complex tissues is a central question […]


