Q.61 The following statements are associated with human female reproductive physiology:
- The uterine cycle during menstruation includes follicular phase, ovulation and luteal phase.
- The degeneration of corpus luteum is called luteolysis.
- An increase in plasma progesterone level synchronises with the luteal phase.
- After oocyte maturation, ovulation takes place.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- A, B, C, D only
- A, C, D only
- A, B, D only
- B, C, D only
A is incorrect. The uterine cycle refers specifically to changes in the endometrium (menstrual, proliferative, secretory phases), while follicular, ovulation, and luteal phases describe the ovarian cycle. These are distinct, though synchronized.
The correct answer is B, C, D only.
Option Analysis
-
A. The uterine cycle during menstruation includes follicular phase, ovulation and luteal phase: Incorrect. “Uterine cycle” means endometrial phases (menstrual/proliferative/secretory); ovarian cycle has follicular/ovulation/luteal. Terminology mismatch.
-
B. The degeneration of corpus luteum is called luteolysis: Correct. Luteolysis is prostaglandin-induced breakdown of corpus luteum if no pregnancy, dropping progesterone.
-
C. An increase in plasma progesterone level synchronises with the luteal phase: Correct. Progesterone rises post-ovulation (luteal phase) from corpus luteum, peaking mid-luteal (~day 21 in 28-day cycle).
-
D. After oocyte maturation, ovulation takes place: Correct. Mature oocyte (meiosis II metaphase arrest) releases at ovulation, triggered by LH surge.
Introduction to Human Female Physiology
Human female reproductive physiology governs menstrual cycles via ovarian and uterine phases, with hormones like progesterone driving luteal phase changes post-ovulation.
Key Cycle Phases
Human female reproductive physiology synchronizes ovarian (follicular/luteal) and uterine (proliferative/secretory) cycles.
| Statement |
Accuracy |
Explanation |
| Uterine cycle includes follicular phase |
False |
Uterine: menstrual/proliferative/secretory; ovarian has follicular |
| Luteolysis = corpus luteum degeneration |
True |
Prostaglandin F2α triggers breakdown |
| Progesterone rises in luteal phase |
True |
Peaks 6-8 days post-ovulation (2-25 ng/mL) |
| Ovulation follows oocyte maturation |
True |
LH surge releases mature oocyte |
Hormonal Regulation
In human female reproductive physiology, luteal phase features high progesterone for endometrial preparation; luteolysis if no implantation restarts cycle.
