The excitation of auditory hair cells by the displacement of stereocilia has been explained in the following proposed statements: A. The gradual increased height of stereocilia is required for the […]
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Significance of Graded Height of Stereocilia in Auditory Hair Cells: Mechanotransduction and Sensory Precision
The stereocilia of auditory hair cells are arranged in rows but the height of stereocilia are not the same in all the rows. Though the height of stereocilia is the […]
How the Basilar Membrane Responds to a 100 Hz Sound: Apex Resonance and Traveling Waves Explained
Different frequencies of sound were presented on the ear and the movement of basilar membrane was experimentally determined. The characteristics of movement of basilar membrane after presentation of’ 100 Hz […]
Functions of the Middle Ear in Hearing: How Sound Waves Are Transmitted and Amplified
Sound waves are transmitted from the external environment to the cochlea through the middle ear during hearing. The functions of the middle ear in hearing are suggested below: (A) During […]
Identifying Incorrect Statements About Sound Localization Mechanisms in the Horizontal Plane
The mechanism of sound localization in a ‘horizontal plane’ by the human” auditory system can be explained by A. the difference in time between the arrival of stimulus in two […]
Understanding Loudness and Pitch in Sound Waves: Amplitude, Frequency, and Voice Pitch Differences
The following statements are made below about hearing phenomena of sound waves: A. The loudness of a sound is inversely correlated with the amplitude of a sound wave. B. The […]
Prestin: The Electromotile Protein of Outer Hair Cells in the Organ of Corti
Prestin, a membrane protein, is found in which one of the following cells of theorgan of Corti? (1) Inner hair cells (2) Inner phalangeal cells (3) Outer hair cells (4) […]
Which Human Body Fluid Has Higher Potassium Than Sodium? Exploring Endolymph’s Unique Ionic Composition
In which one of the body fluids is K+ concentration higher than that of Na+? (1) Plasma (2) Perilymph (3) Endolymph (4) Cerebrospinal fluid In the human body, different fluids […]
Mechanisms of Sensory Receptor Activation: Identifying the Correct Statements for Touch, Pain, Vision, and Warmth
Following are some statements about the mechanism of stimulation of receptors for touch, pain, vision and warmth that may or may not be correct. A. The touch receptor does not […]
Identifying INCORRECT Statements About Pacinian Corpuscle Responses to Pressure
The electrical response of the afferent nerve terminal in a Pacinian corpuscle (PC), after application of different grades of pressure, are proposed in the following statements: A. A non-propagated depolarizing […]


