Which one of the following statements about stem cells is correct? (1) Stem cells cannot be maintained in culture since they required a distinct in vivo (2) During asymmetric stem […]
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Fundamental Properties of Stem Cells: Unlimited Self-Renewal and Multipotent Differentiation
The two major properties of stem cells are (1) unlimited self-renewal and multi potent differentiation (2) limited passage and transformation (3) unidirectional differentiation and commitment (4) limited life span and […]
Understanding Instructive and Permissive Interactions in Cell Development: Analogies with Cell Lines and Stem Cells
35. Instructive and permissive interactions are two major modes of inductive interaction during development. The following compares some properties of cell lines and cord blood stem cells. Cell lines which […]
Understanding Morphogen Gradients and Their Role in Cell Specification
Following are certain statements regarding morphogen gradients and cell specification. (A) Morphogens are always transcription factors. (B) Morphogens can be paracrine factors that are produced in one group of cells […]
Understanding Amphibian Eggs: Mesolecithal Yolk Amount and Holoblastic Cleavage
Which is true for amount of yolk and cleavage in egg of amphibian? (1) Mesolecithal and holoblastic cleavage (2) Isolecithal and holoblastic cleavage (3) Mesolecithal and meroblastic cleavage (4) Microlecithal […]
Positional Information and Developmental Plasticity in Drosophila Leg Transplantation Experiments
In an experiment, the cells that would normally become the middle segment of a Drosophila leg were removed from the leg forming area of the larva and were placed in […]
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate (IP3): The Key Molecule Triggering Calcium Release During Sea Urchin Fertilization
Fertilization in sea urchin eggs involves Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum for cortical granule reactivation. The major molecule responsible for releasing Ca2+ from intracellular stores is (1) zonapellucida glycoproteins […]
Methods for Determining Tissue Lineage: Advantages and Limitations
Which of the following cannot be used for determination of tissue lineage of a given progenitor cell population in an animal? (1) Marking progenitor cells with vital dye. (2) Transplanting […]
Demonstrating Izumo-Juno Interaction: Key Experiments in Mammalian Fertilization
During fertilization in mammals proteins lzumo and Juno are required for recognition of sperm and egg. lzumo and Juno are found specifically in sperm and egg, respectively. Which one of […]
Fate of Prospective Neuroectoderm in Early Amphibian Gastrula Transplantation Experiments
When prospective neuroectoderm from an early amphibian gastrula is transplanted in the prospective epidermal region of a recipient (early gastrula) embryo, the donor tissue will give rise to (1) neural […]


