46. Which one of the following statements regarding limb regeneration in Salamander is correct? (1) A normal limb is regenerated after amputation, irrespective of whether the cut was made below […]
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Effect of Severing Nerve Supply on Newt Limb Regeneration: Importance of Nerves for Blastema Growth and Limb Outgrowth
How will the regeneration of a newt limb be affected if the nerve supply is severed before amputation? (1) Partial regeneration will occur where only the proximal structures will be […]
Effect of Severe Nerve Severance on Newt Limb Regeneration: Role of Nerve Supply and Growth Factors
What would be the effect on newt limb regeneration, if more than 90% of the nerve supply is severed before amputation? (1) The apical ectodermal cap stimulates growth of the […]
Key Aspects of Nerve Dependence and Pattern Regulation in Amphibian Limb Regeneration
Which of the following is true about amphibian limb regeneration? (A) It requires a minimum number of functional nerves. (B) The blastema of an amputated limb, if transplanted in the […]
Dose-Dependent Effects of Retinoic Acid on Positional Identity During Limb Regeneration
Dose-dependence of retinoic acid treatment supports the notion that a gradient of retinoic acid can act as a morphogen along the proximo-distal axis in a developing limb. Following are certain […]
Effect of Retinoic Acid on Positional Information in Blastema Cells During Newt Limb Regeneration
What would be the effect of retinoic acid (RA) treatment on the ‘positional information’ of blastema cells present on the amputated newt limb? (1) RA will have no effect (2) […]
Retinoic Acid-Induced Limb Formation in Tadpole Tail Regeneration: Mechanisms and Implications
In tadpoles, if the tail is amputated it can regenerate. However, if the tail is amputated and then exposed to retinoic acid, it develops limbs instead of regenerating the tail. […]
How Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) Specifies the Anterior-Posterior Axis During Tetrapod Limb Development
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) specifies the anterior-posterior axis during limb development. Which one of the following statements regarding it is correct? (1) Shh secreting cells undergo apoptosis after performing its function. […]
Molecular Interactions Between the Apical Ectodermal Ridge and Limb Bud Mesenchyme During Tetrapod Limb Development
Following figure shows the early interactions between the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) and the limb bud mesenchyme. The red lines with block head indicate repression while the black lines indicate […]
Coordination of Axes Specification in Chick Limb Development: Roles of FGF, Shh, Wnt7a, and BMP
The mechanisms specifying the three axes of a tetrapod limb are interrelated and coordinated. In case of chick limb development the following statements were made: A. In the positive feedback […]


