Q.54 Choose the plant part, its use and the source species in CORRECT combination.
Plant Part
P. Bark
Q. Leaf
R. Capsule
S. Stigma
Use
i. Insecticide
ii. Food colorant
iii. Flavoring agent
iv. Analgesic
Species
1. Crocus sativus
2. Papaver somniferum
3. Azadirachta indica
4. Cinnamomum zeylanicum
(A) P-i-1, Q-ii-2, R-iii-3, S-iv-4
(B) P-iii-4, Q-ii-1, R-iv-2, S-i-3
(C) P-ii-1, Q-i-3, R-iv-2, S-iii-4
(D) P-iii-4, Q-i-3, R-iv-2, S-ii-1
Crocus sativus stigma yields saffron for food coloring, while Azadirachta indica leaves provide neem’s insecticidal power. The correct combination hinges on precise pairings like cinnamon bark as a flavoring agent. Option (D) nails every match, making it ideal for biology exam prep.
Correct Answer
(D) P-iii-4, Q-i-3, R-iv-2, S-ii-1
This option correctly links:
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P (Bark) with iii (Flavoring agent) from 4 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), as cinnamon bark delivers the classic spice flavor in culinary uses.
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Q (Leaf) with i (Insecticide) from 3 (Azadirachta indica), known for neem leaves’ azadirachtin-based pest control.
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R (Capsule) with iv (Analgesic) from 2 (Papaver somniferum), where opium poppy capsules supply morphine for pain relief.
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S (Stigma) with ii (Food colorant) from 1 (Crocus sativus), saffron’s red threads tint foods like paella.
Why Other Options Fail
Option (A) mismatches entirely—P-i-1 wrongly ties bark to insecticide from saffron, ignoring cinnamon’s role. Q-ii-2 confuses leaf with poppy capsule coloring, while R-iii-3 and S-iv-4 swap flavoring and analgesic incorrectly.
Option (B) falters early: P-iii-4 works for cinnamon flavor, but Q-ii-1 misassigns leaf to saffron colorant. R-iv-2 fits poppy analgesic, yet S-i-3 wrongly links stigma to neem insecticide.
Option (C) scrambles basics—P-ii-1 claims bark colors food like saffron (false), Q-i-3 correctly pairs neem leaf insecticide, but R-iv-2 fits poppy pain relief while S-iii-4 absurdly flavors with cinnamon stigma.
Exam Insights
These pairings test pharmacognosy knowledge vital for biotech or botany students. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark’s cinnamaldehyde drives flavor and antimicrobial effects. Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves disrupt insect hormones as eco-friendly pesticides. Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) capsules yield opiates like codeine for analgesia, regulated tightly. Saffron (Crocus sativus) stigmas provide crocin for vibrant, expensive yellow-orange hues in cuisine.
Master these for NEET, GPAT, or semester exams—focus on plant-derived bioactive compounds.
