Scientists discovered two new plant species. “A” and “B” that look similar except that, species “A” bears flowers and leaves that are twice the size of those in species “B”. […]
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molecular clock, it was estimated that two species A and B must have diverged from their common ancestor
Using molecular clock, it was estimated that two species A and B must have diverged from their common ancestor about 9 x 106 years ago. If the rate of divergence […]
Identifying Incorrect Statements on Genome Evolution: Introns, Selection, and Substitution Rates
Given below are the few statements on concepts related to genome evolution. A. Presence of introns in some chloroplast genes suggests that endosymbiosis (leading to organelle evolution) occurred before loss […]
Positive Selection and the dN/dS Ratio: Interpreting Evidence from Molecular Evolution
If the ratio of the number of non-synonymous to snynonymous substitutions per site in protein coding gene is greater than one, it is an evidence of selection that is (1) […]
Neutral Theory Prediction: Why Human and Chimp Pseudogenes Differ More Than Coding Genes
Which of the following is a prediction of neutral theory of molecular evolution that is supported by data? (1) Human and chimps differ more in DNA sequences of psuedogenes than […]
Understanding the Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution: What Is NOT True About Kimura’s Proposal?
Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the Neutral Theory as proposed by Motoo Kimura? (1) Except for advantageous mutations, most alleles are under neutral selection (2) […]
What Does Molecular Evolution Reflect? Understanding Its Limits in Convergent Evolution
Molecular evolution generally do not reflects (1) Species divergence (2) Convergent evolution (3) Natural selection (4) Neutral mutation What Does Molecular Evolution Reflect? Understanding Its Limits in Convergent Evolution […]
What Is the Key Assumption Behind the Molecular Clock Hypothesis?
What is basic assumption for using molecular clocks for estimation of molecular evolution? (1) Rate of neutral mutation is constant over time (2) Rate of evolution is constant over time […]
Where Is the Rate of Molecular Evolution Slowest? Non-Synonymous Codon Changes Explained
Rate of molecular evolution would be least in (1) Non-synonymous change in codon (2) Synonymous change in codon (3) Flanking regions of genes (4) Introns of genes Where Is […]
Where Is Genetic Variation Highest in Genes? Introns Lead the Way
6. Genes between related organism exhibits high variation. The variations would be maximally observed in (1) Exons (2) Intron (3) Promoters (4) Polyadenylation site Where Is Genetic Variation Highest […]


