Q75.Mutation in the class A genes in ABCDE model of flower development leads to which pattern of floral organization? (1) Sepal–sepal–carpel–petal (2) Petal–carpel–sepal–sepal (3) Carpel–stamen–stamen–carpel (4) Stamen–petal–petal–sepal

ABCDE Model

Q74.Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used for transformation in plant tissue culture because (1) Both Agrobacterium and plants have similar genetic make-up (2) Agrobacterium genomic DNA can transfer its genetic material to plants (3) vir genes of Agrobacterium aid in T-DNA transfer to plants (4) All of these

Agrobacterium tumefaciens Transformation

Q73.Lateral root primordia are developed from (1) Pericycle (2) Endodermis (3) Ectodermis (4) Xylem

Lateral Root Primordia Origin

Q72.Impermeability of mitochondrial inner membrane to most ions, electrons and protons is due to the presence of (1) Cardiolipin (2) Collagen (3) Chitin (4) Cellulose

Impermeability of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane to Ions

Q71.Match the LIST-I with LIST-II List-I A. Translation B. Replication C. ATP synthesis D. Dark reaction of photosynthesis List-II I. Nucleus II. Mitochondria III. Stroma IV. Cytoplasm Options (1) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV (2) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III (3) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I (4) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Cellular Processes Location Matching

Q70.Which of the following sentences is not true for pyrosequencing? (1) It is based on detection of pulses of chemiluminescence (2) Requires the activity of enzyme sulfurylase (3) Requires addition of dideoxynucleotides (4) None of these

Pyrosequencing MCQ

Q69.Obligate anaerobes are not able to survive in the presence of oxygen because of: (1) Absence of both catalase and superoxide dismutase (2) Presence of both catalase and superoxide dismutase (3) Presence of catalase but absence of superoxide dismutase (4) Presence of low levels of both catalase and superoxide dismutase

Obligate Anaerobes Oxygen Sensitivity

Q68.Pervaporation is (1) Ion removal (2) Separation of liquids (3) Separation of solids (4) Water purification

Pervaporation MCQ Explained

Q67.Separation of components in gas chromatography is based on (1) Molecular weight (2) Partition coefficient (3) Molarity (4) Conductivity

Gas Chromatography Separation Principle

Q66.Key protein involved in complement activation is (1) C5 (2) C8 (3) C9 (4) C3

Key Protein in Complement Activation

Q65.Phenylketonuria is caused by dysfunction of (1) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (2) Phenylalanine monooxygenase (3) Phenylalanine mutase (4) Phenylalanine dioxygenase

Phenylketonuria PKU Cause

Q64.Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (first enzyme in urea cycle) is allosterically regulated by: (1) N-acetylglutamate (2) N-acetylglucosamine (3) N-acetylgalactosamine (4) N-acetylgluconate

CPS1 Urea Cycle Regulation

Q63.ATP molecules produced by oxidation of one molecule of palmitoyl-CoA to CO₂ and H₂O are (1) 38 (2) 108 (3) 148 (4) 40

Palmitoyl-CoA to CO2 ATP Yield

Q62.Purity of DNA samples can be checked by measuring the ratio of absorbances at 260 and 280 nm. For a pure DNA sample the ratio should be (1) 1.8 (2) < 1.8 (3) < 1.0 (4) > 2

DNA Purity Ratio A260/A280

Q61.Optical density is based on (1) Light refraction (2) Light adsorption (3) Light diffraction (4) Light scattering

Optical Density

Q60.Glucose sensors utilizes ______ as bioreceptor. (1) Glucose oxidase (2) Glucose kinase (3) Glucose dehydrogenase (4) Both 1 and 3

Glucose Sensors Bioreceptor Enzyme

Q59.Formation of glycogen cannot be initiated in the absence of enzyme (1) Glucokinase (2) Glycogenin (3) Glycogen phosphorylase (4) Glycogen kinase

Formation of Glycogen

Q58.Mammals do not have ability to convert fatty acids to glucose because (1) They cannot undergo glyoxylate cycle (2) There is no need for such conversion (3) They can obtain glucose from other pathways (4) Both 1 and 3

Why Mammals Cannot Convert Fatty Acids to Glucose

Q57.The unit of maximum specific growth rate (μmax) is: (1) Hours⁻¹ (2) Hours (3) Hours/litre (4) Hours/cell

Maximum Specific Growth Rate μmax Units Explained

Q56.Which of the following regulation occurs in slowest time frame? (1) Feedback regulation (2) Allosteric regulation (3) Regulation through covalent modification (4) Enzyme synthesis through gene induction

Slowest Enzyme Regulation Time Frame

Q55.Allosterically regulated enzymes are: (1) Oligomeric proteins (2) Possess regulatory and catalytic domains (3) Shows sigmoidal behavior (4) Both 2 and 3

Allosterically Regulated Enzymes Characteristics

Q54.Which of the following is not a possible catabolic fate of pyruvate? (1) Lactic acid fermentation (2) Citric acid cycle (3) Ethanol fermentation (4) Glycolysis

Pyruvate Catabolic Fate Lactic Acid Fermentation

Q53._____ enzyme catalyzes conversion of fructose to fructose-6-phosphate requires _____ as cofactor. (1) Phosphofructokinase-I, Mg²⁺ (2) Phosphofructokinase-II, Mg²⁺ (3) Phosphofructokinase-I, Mn²⁺ (4) Phosphofructokinase-II, Mn²⁺

Phosphofructokinase Enzyme

Q52.Protein purification in 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis is based on: (1) Molecular weight (2) Charge (3) Number of subunits (4) Both 1 and 2

Protein Purification 2D Gel Electrophoresis

Q51.Cells are small in size because: (1) It provides more surface area to volume ratio (2) It provides less surface area to volume ratio (3) Provides better regulation of cytoplasm by nucleus (4) Both 1 and 2

Cells Small Size Surface Area Volume Ratio

Q50.According to Bohr effect the oxygen transport ability of hemoglobin is more when (1) pH decreases (2) pH increases (3) pH remains stable (4) It is not affected by pH

Bohr Effect Oxygen Transport

Q49.Dextrans are: (1) Polymeric glucose (2) Polymeric galactose (3) Polymeric fructose (4) Polymeric lactose

Dextrans Polymeric Glucose

Q48.Ramachandran plot is: (1) Used for determination of stable protein structures (2) Also called as Φ–Ψ plot (3) Provide information about sterically favorable conformations (4) All of these

Ramachandran Plot

Q47.CRISPR is (1) Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (2) Coordinated Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (3) Clustered Restrictive Interspaced Short Palindromic Regions (4) Coordinated Restrictive Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

CRISPR Full Form

Q46.Enzymes involved in RNA interference are: (1) Dicer (2) Cohesin (3) Bicoid (4) Maskin

Enzymes Involved in RNA Interference

Q.45 Which of the following are not true for Karl Ernst von Baer’s principles? A. General features of a large group of animals appear earlier in development as compared to the specialized features of a smaller group B. General features of a large group of animals appear later in development as compared to the specialized features of a smaller group C. Early embryo of a higher animal looks like a lower animal D. Early embryo of a higher animal looks like embryo of a lower animal A and C B and C B and D A and D

Karl Ernst von Baer Principles

Q.44 Which substance determines the type of cleavage during development? Nucleus Cytoplasm Yolk Both 1 and 2

Substance Determines Cleavage Type

Q.43 NRSE stands for: Notochord restrictive silencer element Neural ectodermal specification enhancer Neural restrictive specification enhancer Neuron-restrictive silencer elements

NRSE Full Form

Q.42 Difference between chromatin regulation by high and low CpG promoters is: High CpG content promoters repressed gene by DNA methylation Low CpG content promoters repressed gene by histone methylation High CpG content promoters repressed gene by histone methylation Low CpG content promoters repressed gene by histone acetylation

 Chromatin Regulation Difference

Q.41 Which of the following is not true for master regulatory transcription factors? Must be expressed when the specification of a cell type begins Must regulate the expression of genes specific to that cell type Must be able to redirect a cell’s fate to this cell type Must be expressed when the specification of a cell type ends

 Which Is Not True for Master Regulatory Transcription Factors?

Q.40 Amphibian eggs undergo: Equal radial holoblastic cleavage Unequal radial holoblastic cleavage Equal radial meroblastic cleavage Unequal radial meroblastic cleavage

Amphibian Eggs Cleavage Pattern Unequal Radial Holoblastic

Q.39 Which of the following is not a pattern of cell movement during gastrulation? Ingression Epiboly Invasion Invagination

Which Not Pattern Cell Movement Gastrulation Ingression

Q.38 Which of the following proteins is associated with amphibian development? Collagen Catenin Fibrin Keratin

Which Protein Associated with Amphibian Development

Q.37 Which one of the following is not true for sliding filament model? Shortening of I-band and H-zone with no effect on A-band Shortening of I-band, A-band and H-zone No change in I-band and H-zone with shortening of A-band Shortening of I-band and A-band with no effect on H-zone

Muscle Contraction Bands

Q.36 Triple-helical coiled coil structure is characteristic of: Cellulose Collagen Elastin Chymotrypsin

Triple-Helical Coiled Coil Structure Characteristic

Q.35 Pectin is a polymer of Glucose Glucuronic acid Galacturonic acid Iduronic acid

Pectin Polymer Galacturonic Acid

Q.34 Activity of protein kinase A is regulated by Adenylyl cyclase Phosphodiesterase Phospholipase C Phosphorylase kinase

Protein Kinase A Regulated by

Q.33 Proteins responsible for structural maintenance of chromosomes are Condensin Cohesin Collagen Both 1 and 2

Chromosome Structural Maintenance

Q.32 Which one of the following is not true for euchromatin? They are transcriptionally active They are less condensed regions of chromosomes Barr body is an example of euchromatin All of these

Euchromatin Characteristics

Q.31 Histones are rich in Lysine and Arginine Lysine and Asparagine Glycine and Lysine Leucine and Arginine

Histones are rich in

Q.30 Which one of the following is the correct sequence of prophase-I stage? Leptotene, Pachytene, Zygotene, Diplotene, Diakinesis Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diakinesis, Diplotene Zygotene, Leptotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis

Prophase I Stages Sequence

Q.29 Which of the following is not a type of microtubule associated with mitotic spindle? Polar Astral Central Kinetochore

 Which Microtubule is Not in Mitotic Spindle?

Q.28 Product of dissimilatory nitrate reduction is Ammonia Nitrogen Nitrate Nitric oxide

Product of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction

Q.27 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate is an intermediate of Pentose phosphate pathway Entner-Doudoroff Pathway Embden-Meyerhof Pathway Tricarboxylic acid cycle

2-Keto-3-Deoxy-6-Phosphogluconate

Q.26 For exergonic reactions ΔG° (standard free energy change) is negative and Keq (equilibrium constant) is more than one ΔG° is positive and Keq is more than one ΔG° is negative and Keq is less than one ΔG° is positive and Keq is less than one

Exergonic Reactions

Q.25 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is caused by a Single-stranded RNA virus Double-stranded RNA virus Single-stranded DNA virus Double-stranded DNA virus

SARS-CoV-2 Single-Stranded RNA Virus

Q.24 Antibacterial action of penicillin could be attributed to Inhibition of the enzyme transpeptidase Inhibition of the cross linking of peptidoglycan side chain Hydrolysis of peptidoglycan Both 1 and 2

Antibacterial Action of Penicillin

Q.23 Lipopolysaccharide present in Gram negative bacterial cell wall is considered as an endotoxin because of Lipid A Core polysaccharide O side chain Integral proteins

Why Lipopolysaccharide is Endotoxin

Q.22 Gram staining is based on the presence of ______ in the cell wall. Phospholipid Peptidoglycan Lipid A Glycolipid

Gram Staining Cell Wall Component

Q.21 An enzyme without its required cofactor prosthetic group is referred as Coenzyme Holoenzyme Apoenzyme Catalyst

Enzyme Without Cofactor Prosthetic Group

Q.20 Intramolecular rearrangements are catalyzed by Transferases Oxidoreductases Isomerases Lyases

Intramolecular Rearrangements Enzymes

Q.19 Which of the following is not a secondary messenger? Calcium Diacylglycerol cAMP AMP

Which of the Following is Not a Secondary Messenger?

Q.18 The enzyme responsible for removal of DNA supercoils is Helicase Topoisomerase DNA ligase DNA polymerase

Enzyme Responsible for Removal

Q.17 Which of the following is not associated with the extracellular matrix of the cells? Proteoglycans Cellulose Collagen Fibronectin

Cellulose Not Part of Extracellular Matrix

Q.16 The organelle absent in plant cells is Vacuoles Lysosome Chloroplast Centriole

Organelle Absent in Plant Cells

Q.15 Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) is related to the Enzyme’s affinity for the substrate Enzyme’s activity for the substrate Enzyme’s specificity for the substrate Enzyme’s selectivity for the substrate

Michaelis-Menten Constant Km

Q.14 Which of the following is not a part of endomembrane system? Golgi body Lysosome Ribosome Vesicles

Endomembrane System Components

Q.13 The number of a Nuclear pore in a cell depends on the Size of the cell Transcriptional activity of the cell DNA content of the cell None of these

Nuclear Pore Number Factors

Q.12 For each ATP molecule breakdown, the Sodium-potassium pump causes movement of More Na+ out and less K+ in K+ out and Na+ in on a one-for-one basis Na+ out and K+ in on a one-for-one basis K+ and Na+ in same direction

Sodium-Potassium Pump

Q.11 70S ribosome is made up of 50S and 30S subunits 50S and 40S subunits 60S and 30S subunits 60S and 40S subunits

70S Ribosome Subunits

Q.10 Sedimentation rate of a particle will be zero when: Density of the particle is less than surrounding medium Density of the particle is more than the surrounding medium Density of the particle and the surrounding medium are equal Density of the particle is twice as the surrounding medium

Sedimentation Rate Zero

Q.9 The key driving force for membrane transport is Membrane thickness Distance Molecular size Concentration gradient

Key Driving Force for Membrane Transport

Q.8 Which of the following is a molecular motor? Kinesin Kinetin Keratin Dynactin

Molecular Motor Kinesin

Q.7 Lowest yield of ATP is achieved in: Fermentation Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration Both 1 and 2

Lowest Yield of ATP in Fermentation

Q.6 Increase in the half-cell potential (E°) Decreases the oxidizing ability Increases the reducing ability Increases the oxidizing ability Increases the reaction spontaneity

Increase in Half-Cell Potential (E°)

Q.5 Diethylaminomethyl (DEAE) cellulose is an anion exchanger. It will prefer to bind with proteins having 1.No charge 2.Positive charge 3.Negative charge 4.Binding does not related to charge

DEAE Cellulose Anion Exchanger

Q.4 In reverse-phase liquid chromatography, stationary phase is: Polar Non-polar Hydrophilic Ionic

Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatography

Q.3 Which one of the following is not true according to Kasha's rule about fluorescence? Bathochromic shift is observed in emission relative to absorption Hypsochromic shift is observed in absorption relative to emission Bathochromic shift is observed in absorption relative to emission None of these

Kasha’s Rule Fluorescence

Q.2 Resolving power of a microscope mainly depends on: Numerical aperture Refractive index Objective lens Ocular lens

Resolving Power of a Microscope

Q.1 Which of the following electronic transitions is not possible in UV-visible region? n → π* σ → σ* π → π* None of these

Which Electronic Transition Not Possible

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