13. A peptide has the following sequence ATHMARAMEN. At pH 3.7, the net charge of the peptide is likely to be a. +1 b. +2 c. -1 d. -2 Correct […]
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Mitochondrial F-Type ATPase
12. The mitochondrial F-Type ATPase is a remarkable protein machine in which a subunit rotates during H+ transport, and 1 ATP is generated for 120 degrees of revolution. ATP hydrolysis […]
Role of β‑Lactamase Gene Copy Number in E. coli Adaptation to Cefotaxime
11. Researchers passaged three different strains of E. coli (black squares = WT, red circles and blue triangles = mutants) for several days, gradually increasing concentration of the antibiotic cefotaxime […]
Why Rich Fishing Grounds Form Where Cold and Warm Ocean Currents Mix
10. Rich fishing grounds (that is those that have high species diversity and population), such as those found in Northern Japan or around Iceland, occur where cold and warm ocean […]
Effect of Enzyme Concentration
9. You are carrying out an enzyme reaction in the lab and obtain Km and Vmax values. While repeating the experiment, you use only 1/10th of the enzyme. What would […]
Protein Molecular Weight Increase by Post-Translational Modifications
8. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the increase in molecular weight of proteins due to each of these post-translational modifications? a. Methylation
Techniques to Quantify Enzyme-Peptide Substrate Affinity
7. Which of the following techniques cannot be used to quantify affinity between an enzyme and its peptide substrate? a. X-ray crystallography b. Isothermal calorimetry c. Surface plasmon resonance d. […]
Why Skin Cells and Muscle Cells Share DNA But Differ
6. In our body skin cells and muscle cells share the same DNA. Which of the following is true a. Although they share the same DNA, both have a different […]
Founder Effect Familial Hypercholesterolemia
5. Despite the large number of unique mutations described in the LDL-R gene that cause familial hypercholesterolemia, certain mutations are found in high frequency in specific populations, e.g., the 9.5 […]
Natural Selection Adaptation Evolution
4. How does an adaptation, such as better running speed, evolve with natural selection? a. Natural selection directionally produces better adaptation over time, gradually leading to better running speed. b. […]


