11. A litre of 18% glucose solution is converted anaerobically into methane and carbon dioxide. The theoretical maximum volume of gases at NTP assuming ideality, produced on complete conversion of […]
Tag: dbt jrf 2018
Tag: dbt jrf 2018
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Calculating the Probability of DNA Hexamers with Specific Purine-Pyrimidine Patterns
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- April 14, 2025
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10. Random DNA hexamers containing A, T, G and C are generated by DNA synthesis. The fraction of the hexamers that will have 3 purines followed by 3 pyrimidines is: […]
Calculating Probability in a Uniform Distribution from -1 to 1
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- April 14, 2025
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A random number generator produces a uniform distribution of numbers between -1 and 1. The probability that a number produced by this generator is between 0.9 and 1 is 1. […]
Understanding the Law of Large Numbers in Coin Toss Experiments
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- April 14, 2025
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8. An unbiased coin is tossed 100 times in experiment I and 1000 times in experiment II. Which one of the following statements is most likely to be TRUE regarding […]
How to Estimate Km from Reaction Velocities Using Michaelis-Menten Kinetics
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- April 14, 2025
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6. Two experiments were conducted with an enzyme following MichaelisMenten kinetics at substrate concentrations of 0.5 g/l and 1 g/l. If the enzymatic reaction velocity increases approximately 2-fold at the […]
How to Calculate Solvent-to-Broth Ratio in Single-Step Extraction Using Partition Coefficient
5. Solvent extraction using ethanol is used to purify a target metabolite from an aqueous broth. The partitioning coefficient is 3. The ratio of solvent to broth that is required […]
How to Calculate Fold Purification and Percentage Recovery in Enzyme Purification
4. The protein concentration and enzyme activity in 100 mL of a cell free extract is 5 mg/mL and 2 units/mL, respectively. After multiple steps of purification, the final 10 […]
How to Calculate the Minimum Dose of a Natural Preservative with Degradation Over Time
3. An essential oil has antimicrobial activity with an MIC of 15 mg/Kg and can be used as a bio preservative. This activity is lost at the rate of 1% […]
How to Calculate Moisture Loss Through Packaging Using Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR)
2. Water vapour transmission rate of a packaging film is 4g/m2 /day. A food product is packed in a rectangular pouch measuring 0.12m x 0.16m. The maximum amount of moisture […]
How to Calculate Amylase Activity in Plant Extracts: Step-by-Step Guide
1. 10 g of a plant material is extracted in 100mL of a suitable buffer. On performing an assay for amylase activity, 100μl extract produced 6 μmoles glucose in 30 […]


