Q.58 Match the plant species and their corresponding families with their economically important
products:
Plant species                                               Family                                          Plant product
P. Cannabis sativa                                      1. Lamiaceae                               i. Oil from seeds
Q. Corchorus olitorius                               2. Cannabaceae                          ii. Eugenol from leaves
R. Ocimum sanctum                                   3. Euphorbiaceae                      iii. Fibre from stem
S. Ricinus communis                                   4. Tiliaceae                                 iv. Marijuana from leaves
(A) P–2–iv, Q–3–ii, R–4–iii, S–1–i                    (B) P–3–iv, Q–2–i, R–1–ii, S–4–iii
(C) P–1–iii, Q–4–iii, R–2–i, S–3–ii                    (D) P–2–iv, Q–4–iii, R–1–ii, S–3–i

The correct answer is (D) P-2-iv, Q-4-iii, R-1-ii, S-3-i.​

Plant-Family Matches

Cannabis sativa belongs to Cannabaceae (2).​
Corchorus olitorius belongs to Tiliaceae (4), now often classified under Malvaceae, but traditionally Tiliaceae in such contexts.​
Ocimum sanctum belongs to Lamiaceae (1).​
Ricinus communis belongs to Euphorbiaceae (3).​

Product Matches

Marijuana derives from leaves of Cannabis sativa (iv).​
Fibre comes from stems of Corchorus olitorius (iii).​
Eugenol extracts from leaves of Ocimum sanctum (ii).​
Oil extracts from seeds of Ricinus communis (i).​

Option Analysis

Option (A) P-2-iv, Q-3-ii, R-4-iii, S-1-i: Incorrect. Q mismatches family (Tiliaceae=4, not 3); R mismatches family (Lamiaceae=1, not 4) and product; S mismatches family (Euphorbiaceae=3, not 1).​
Option (B) P-3-iv, Q-2-i, R-1-ii, S-4-iii: Incorrect. P mismatches family (Cannabaceae=2, not 3); Q mismatches family (not 2) and product; S mismatches family (not 4) and product.​
Option (C) P-1-iii, Q-4-iii, R-2-i, S-3-ii: Incorrect. P mismatches family (not 1) and product; R mismatches family (not 2) and product; S mismatches product (oil=i, not ii).​
Option (D): Correct, as all matches align precisely.​

This guide delves into plant species families economically important products, focusing on Cannabis sativa, Corchorus olitorius, Ocimum sanctum, and Ricinus communis – key for CSIR NET Life Sciences. These plants yield marijuana, fibre, eugenol, and oil, matching families like Cannabaceae, Tiliaceae, Lamiaceae, and Euphorbiaceae.​

Botanical Profiles

• Cannabis sativa (Cannabaceae): Annual herb from Central Asia; leaves produce marijuana (cannabinoids like THC).​

• Corchorus olitorius (Tiliaceae/Malvaceae): Shrub yielding bast fibre from stems for jute textiles.​

• Ocimum sanctum (Lamiaceae): Aromatic Tulsi shrub; leaves rich in eugenol essential oil for pharmaceuticals.​

• Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae): Perennial with toxic seeds yielding castor oil for industry and medicine.​

Economic Products

These species drive biotech and agriculture:

• Marijuana from Cannabis leaves supports medicinal cannabis markets.​

• Jute fibre from Corchorus stems used in packaging, textiles.​

• Eugenol from Ocimum leaves in perfumes, antiseptics.​

• Castor seed oil in lubricants, soaps, biofuels.​

CSIR NET Relevance

Matching questions test botany knowledge; option D correctly pairs P-2-iv, Q-4-iii, R-1-ii, S-3-i, vital for exams.​