Q.84 Match the cell structure components given in Group I with appropriate functions from Group II.
Group I
(P) Cell membrane
(Q) Purple membrane
(R) Cisternae
(S) Outer membrane
Group II
(I) Nutrient transport
(II) Photosynthesis
(III) Active transport
(IV) Protein glycosylation
(V) Light-driven proton transport
(A) P-I, Q-V, R-II, S-III
(B) P-I, Q-II, R-IV, S-III
(C) P-III, Q-II, R-V, S-I
(D) P-III, Q-V, R-IV, S-I
Cell membranes and specialized structures perform critical roles in cellular processes like transport and modification. This guide matches Group I components to Group II functions, identifies the correct option, and analyzes all choices for clarity.
Correct Answer
The correct matching is (D) P-III, Q-V, R-IV, S-I. Cell membrane (P) enables active transport, purple membrane (Q) drives proton transport via light, cisternae (R) handle protein glycosylation, and outer membrane (S) facilitates nutrient transport.
Group I Components
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Cell membrane (P): Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that regulates molecule movement, including active transport using energy like ATP.
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Purple membrane (Q): Specialized patch in halobacteria containing bacteriorhodopsin, which uses light to pump protons outward, creating a gradient for ATP synthesis.
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Cisternae (R): Flattened membrane sacs in the Golgi apparatus where proteins undergo glycosylation by adding sugar chains for functionality.
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Outer membrane (S): Porous layer in organelles like mitochondria or Gram-negative bacteria, allowing passive diffusion of nutrients such as ions and small molecules.
Group II Functions
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(I) Nutrient transport: Passive movement of essentials like sugars through porins in outer layers.
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(II) Photosynthesis: Light energy capture in chloroplasts, not matching these components directly.
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(III) Active transport: Energy-dependent movement against gradients, typical of plasma membranes.
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(IV) Protein glycosylation: Modification in Golgi cisternae.
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(V) Light-driven proton transport: Bacteriorhodopsin’s role in archaea.
Option Analysis
| Option | P Match | Q Match | R Match | S Match | Correct? | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (A) P-I, Q-V, R-II, S-III | I | V | II | III | No | R-II mismatches; cisternae do not perform photosynthesis. |
| (B) P-I, Q-II, R-IV, S-III | I | II | IV | III | No | P prefers active transport over simple nutrient; Q not photosynthesis. |
| (C) P-III, Q-II, R-V, S-I | III | II | V | I | No | Q-V fits better than II; R not proton transport. |
| (D) P-III, Q-V, R-IV, S-I | III | V | IV | I | Yes | All align precisely with biological roles. |
This matching reflects standard cell biology for exams like NEET or university assessments.
