- In the glomerular capillary (GC), fluid moves into Bowman’s capsule through its almost entire length. But in the muscle capillary (MC), fluid moves into interstitial space at its arteriolar end. The difference between these two capillaries is explained in the following proposed
statements:
A. Afferent and efferent arterioles are present on the two ends of GC, but in MC, arteriole and venule are present on two ends.
B. The hydrostatic pressure in GC is higher than that in MC.
C. The efferent arteriole in GC has a relatively low resistance, but venules in MC has a high resistance.
D. The difference of hydrostatic pressure between two ends of GC is relatively more but it is negligible in MC.
E. The difference of oncotic pressure between two ends of MC is negligible but it is relatively more in GC.
F. The net filtration pressure falls to zero at the efferent end of GC but it is 9 mm Hg inward at the venular end of MC.
Which of the above statements are INCORRECT?
(1) A and B (2) C and D
(3) E and F (4) B and F
The renal glomerular capillaries (GC) and muscle capillaries (MC) show significant differences in anatomy and physiology that influence fluid movement and filtration. Evaluating the accuracy of statements describing these differences helps clarify understanding of capillary function under varying physiological conditions.
Analysis of Provided Statements
A. Afferent and efferent arterioles are present on the two ends of GC, but in MC, arteriole and venule are present on two ends.
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Correct: Glomerular capillaries are unique as they are sandwiched between two arterioles (afferent and efferent), which create high pressure for filtration. Muscle capillaries are connected between arteriole and venule.pearson+1
B. The hydrostatic pressure in GC is higher than that in MC.
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Correct: GC experiences higher hydrostatic pressures (~55-60 mm Hg) due to dual arteriolar resistance; MC has lower pressure (~15-30 mm Hg).wikipedia+1
C. The efferent arteriole in GC has a relatively low resistance, but venules in MC has a high resistance.
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Incorrect: Actually, efferent arteriole in GC has high resistance to maintain glomerular hydrostatic pressure, while venules in MC have low resistance. Statement reversed.
D. The difference of hydrostatic pressure between two ends of GC is relatively more but it is negligible in MC.
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Correct: GC has slight pressure drop due to resistance from efferent arteriole; MC has larger pressure drop due to transition arteriole to venule, but statement may be context-dependent. Considered true as per general knowledge.wikipedia
E. The difference of oncotic pressure between two ends of MC is negligible but it is relatively more in GC.
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Correct: Oncotic pressure increases along MC capillaries as water is filtered out at arteriole end; in GC, oncotic pressure rises more significantly due to intense filtration.wikipedia
F. The net filtration pressure falls to zero at the efferent end of GC but it is 9 mm Hg inward at the venular end of MC.
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Correct: Net filtration pressure in GC reduces to zero at efferent arteriole; in MC, net fluid movement shifts inward (absorption) at venular end, commonly around 9 mm Hg.pearson
Which Statements Are INCORRECT?
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Statement (C) is incorrect because it reverses the resistance profiles.
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Other statements (A, B, D, E, F) are generally correct based on renal physiology principles.
Correct Answer
Based on options, the incorrect statements are:
(2) C and D is not accurate since D is generally correct.
(3) E and F incorrect as both are true.
(4) B and F both are correct statements.
(1) A and B A and B are correct, so this cannot be the answer.
Therefore, the only clearly incorrect statement is C alone. Since only option pairs are given, the best answer is:
(2) C and D (considering a more strict interpretation of D as partially incorrect).
Conclusion
The incorrect statements among those describing differences between glomerular and muscle capillaries are primarily:
(2) C and D
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