Q.73 Match List I with List II :
List I (Phylum)
- (A) Platyhelminthes
- (B) Annelida
- (C) Arthropoda
- (D) Mollusca
List II (Excretary organ)
- (I) Malpighian tubules
- (II) Nephridia
- (III) Flame cells
- (IV) Feather like gills
The correct answer is option (3): (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV).
This matching question tests excretory organs across invertebrate phyla, a standard topic in animal physiology for GATE Life Sciences exams.
Matching Explanations
(A) Platyhelminthes → (III) Flame cells
Platyhelminthes (flatworms) use flame cells (protonephridia) with ciliary flames to filter and excrete waste via tubules opening externally, suited for acoelomate osmoregulation.
(B) Annelida → (II) Nephridia
Annelida (segmented worms) possess metanephridia or protonephridia per segment, filtering coelomic fluid for ammonia/urea excretion through nephridiopores.
(C) Arthropoda → (I) Malpighian tubules
Arthropoda (insects, arachnids) employ Malpighian tubules extending from the gut, secreting uric acid into hemolymph for water-conserving terrestrial excretion.
(D) Mollusca → (IV) Feather like gills
Mollusca primarily use metanephridia (kidney-like, e.g., Bojanus organ) or pericardial glands linked to feather-like gills (ctenidia) for ammonia excretion in mantle cavity.
Option Analysis
| Option | A-III | B-II | C-I | D-IV | Correct? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | No |
| (2) | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | No |
| (3) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Yes |
| (4) | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | No |
Only option (3) correctly pairs each phylum’s primary excretory structure.
Invertebrate Excretory Systems Matching
Platyhelminthes Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca excretory organs matching like flame cells, nephridia, Malpighian tubules, gills is crucial for animal kingdom questions in competitive exams. Master Q.73 explanations here.
Platyhelminthes Flame Cells Function
Flame cells in flatworms drive protonephridial excretion via ciliary action.
Annelida Nephridia Mechanism
Nephridia filter segmentally in earthworms/leeches for efficient waste removal.
Arthropoda Malpighian Tubules Role
Malpighian tubules enable uricotelism in insects for arid adaptation.
Mollusca Gills and Metanephridia
Feather-like gills (ctenidia) aid excretion alongside kidney-like organs in snails/octopods.
Exam Strategy
Link: Flame-Platy, Nephridia-Annelida, Malpighian-Arthropoda, Gills-Mollusca for instant recall.
