Role of Reporter Molecules in DNA Hybridization Assays

Role of Reporter Molecules in DNA Hybridization Assays

How reporter molecule function in a DNA hybridization assay?
a. Enhances the stringency of the hybridization reaction
b. Binds the target DNA to the solid support
c. Aids in base pairing
d. Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

 

How Do Reporter Molecules Function in a DNA Hybridization Assay?

DNA hybridization assays are essential tools in molecular biology used to detect specific nucleic acid sequences. A critical component of these assays is the reporter molecule, which facilitates the detection of hybridized DNA.

The correct answer is:
(D) Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids


Understanding DNA Hybridization Assays

A DNA hybridization assay involves the binding of a labeled DNA or RNA probe to a complementary target sequence. This process is commonly used in genetic testing, infectious disease detection, and forensic analysis.

  1. Sample Preparation

    • The DNA sample is extracted and immobilized on a solid support (e.g., a membrane or a microarray slide).
    • The DNA is denatured into single strands to allow hybridization.
  2. Probe Hybridization

    • A labeled probe (a complementary sequence of DNA or RNA) is introduced.
    • The probe binds to its specific target sequence through complementary base pairing (A-T, G-C).
  3. Detection with Reporter Molecule

    • The reporter molecule is attached to the probe or a secondary detection system.
    • If hybridization occurs, the reporter molecule emits a detectable signal (e.g., fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or colorimetric signals).

Types of Reporter Molecules

  • Radioactive Labels (e.g., P-32-labeled probes)

    • Emit radiation, which is detected using autoradiography.
  • Fluorescent Dyes (e.g., Cy3, Cy5, FAM)

    • Emit fluorescent signals under specific light wavelengths.
  • Enzyme-Based Reporters (e.g., Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP), Alkaline Phosphatase (AP))

    • Convert colorless substrates into visible color changes.
  • Biotin-Streptavidin System

    • Biotin-labeled probes bind streptavidin-conjugated enzymes, enhancing signal detection.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

  • (A) Enhances the stringency of the hybridization reaction

    • Stringency is controlled by temperature, salt concentration, and washing steps, not reporter molecules.
  • (B) Binds the target DNA to the solid support

    • DNA binding is facilitated by membranes or microarray slides, not reporter molecules.
  • (C) Aids in base pairing

    • Hybridization occurs naturally through hydrogen bonding, not due to reporter molecules.

Conclusion

Reporter molecules in DNA hybridization assays play a crucial role in detecting probe-target hybrids. By generating detectable signals, they allow scientists to confirm hybridization events, making them essential for genetic diagnostics, pathogen detection, and biomedical research.

45 Comments
  • Ujjwal
    March 8, 2025

    Done sir

  • Suman bhakar
    March 8, 2025

    Ok sir

  • Neelam Sharma
    August 20, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids- reporter molecule

  • Khushi Mehra
    August 20, 2025

    Reporter molecule detect whether hybridization occur or not by the probe with its complementary DNA sequence

  • Mansukh Kapoor
    August 20, 2025

    The correct answer is option 4th
    DNA hybridization assay aids to detection of the DNA probe target hybrids.

  • Mohd juber Ali
    August 21, 2025

    (4) reporter molecule function in dna hybridization assay by Aids to detect of probe target hybrid

  • Aman Choudhary
    August 21, 2025

    Option D is correct
    Aids in the detection of probe target hybrids

  • Khushi Vaishnav
    August 21, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

  • Aafreen Khan
    August 21, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

  • Manisha gujar
    August 21, 2025

    Aids in the detection of the probe target hybrid

  • Manisha gujar
    August 21, 2025

    Option d

  • Santosh Saini
    August 21, 2025

    Aids in the detection of the probe target hybrid

  • Divya rani
    August 21, 2025

    In dna hybridization or Southern blotting reporter molecule facilitate the detection of probe target sequence or hybrid.

  • Parul Yadav
    August 21, 2025

    Reporter molecule is attached to the probe. If hybridization occur , the reporter molecule emits a detectable signal.

  • Sakshi Kanwar
    August 22, 2025

    Reported molecule binds to probe in form of radioactive label , fluorescent dye for the detection of hybridized DNA

  • Priyanka choudhary
    August 22, 2025

    Option D is correct answer
    Aids in the detection of probe target hybrids

  • karishma
    August 22, 2025

    ids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

  • Soniya Shekhawat
    August 23, 2025

    Reporter molecule which is the labelled probe its emits radiation which is detected by auto radio graphy and it in its fluorescent to detect the hybridised DNA.

  • Priya dhakad
    August 23, 2025

    Reporter molecules in DNA hybridization assays play a crucial role in detecting probe-target hybrids. So the correct option is d.

  • Priya khandal
    August 23, 2025

    Acid in the detection of Cprobe target hybrids

  • Bharti Yadav
    August 23, 2025

    Reporter molecules detect probe-target hybrids in DNA hybridization assays

  • Yogita
    August 24, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe – target hybrids

  • Sneha Kumawat
    August 24, 2025

    Reporter molecule , hybridization ke baad proof target hybrid ka pata lagana hai

  • Kajal
    August 24, 2025

    Report molecule helps in detection of probe target hybrid it binds with probe n emit detectable signals. Such as florosence……etc

  • Shivani
    August 24, 2025

    Reporter molecules in DNA hybridization assays play a crucial role in detecting probe-target hybrids. So option D. is correct

  • Neeraj Sharma
    August 24, 2025

    Reporter molecule aids on the target-probe site

  • Sakshi yadav
    August 24, 2025

    Option D -Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

  • Surendra Doodi
    August 24, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids- reporter molecule

  • Sonam Saini
    August 24, 2025

    Opetion d is right answer

  • Priyanka Verma
    August 24, 2025

    Option 4 is correct

  • Falguni Prakash
    August 24, 2025

    Detection of probe target hybrids

  • Kashish yadav
    August 25, 2025

    Option d

  • Kajal
    August 25, 2025

    Option d is right

  • Priyanka Meena
    August 26, 2025

    Detection of probe target hybrid

  • Muskan Yadav
    August 26, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids.

  • Neha Yadav
    August 27, 2025

    Reporter molecule detect the probe- target hybrids by generating detectable signal

  • Manisha choudhary
    August 27, 2025

    Option D. is correct repoter molecule probe – target hybrid ko detect krta h

  • Shriyanshi verma
    August 30, 2025

    Reported molecule binds to probe in form of radioactive label , fluorescent dye for the detection of hybridized DNA

  • Asha Gurzzar
    August 30, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe target hybrid

  • Alec
    August 30, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe target hybrids.

  • Pratibha Jain
    August 30, 2025

    The correct answer is option (D)
    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

  • Kirti agarwal
    August 30, 2025

    Detection of probe target hybrids

  • Shobha Kanwar
    August 31, 2025

    Option D is correct
    Aids in the detection of probe target hybrids

  • Kanica Sunwalka
    August 31, 2025

    aids in detection of probe target hybrids

  • Anjali
    September 1, 2025

    Aids in the detection of probe-target hybrids

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