In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), molecules migrate based on size and charge. Free oligonucleotide Small and negatively charged → Moves fastest through the gel.

An oligonucleotide bound to a protein migrates slower than the free oligonucleotide in a polyacrylamide gel. If
antibody specific to the oligonucleotide binding protein is bound to this complex, the antibody treated complex
will

a. Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.
b. Migrate slower than the free oligonucleotide but faster than the untreated complex
c. Migrate at the same rate as the untreated complex
d. Migrate at the same rate as the free oligonucleotide

 

The correct answer is:

(a) Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

Explanation:

In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), molecules migrate based on size and charge.

  1. Free oligonucleotide

    • Small and negatively charged → Moves fastest through the gel.
  2. Oligonucleotide + Protein Complex

    • When a protein binds to the oligonucleotide, it increases the molecular weight and alters charge distribution, making the complex migrate slower than the free oligonucleotide.
  3. Oligonucleotide + Protein Complex + Antibody

    • When an antibody binds to the protein-oligonucleotide complex, the complex size further increases.
    • Larger complexes experience more resistance in the gel matrix, causing them to migrate even slower than the untreated complex.

Why Not the Other Options?

  • (b) Migrate slower than the free oligonucleotide but faster than the untreated complex ❌ → Incorrect, because the antibody increases the molecular weight, further reducing mobility.
  • (c) Migrate at the same rate as the untreated complex ❌ → Incorrect, because adding the antibody increases size, slowing migration.
  • (d) Migrate at the same rate as the free oligonucleotide ❌ → Incorrect, because both protein binding and antibody addition increase molecular size, slowing migration.

Conclusion:

Since the antibody increases the complex’s molecular weight, it will migrate even slower than the untreated complex and the free oligonucleotide.

Correct answer: (a) Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

79 Comments
  • Akshay mahawar
    February 25, 2025

    Done👍

    • Mahima Sharma
      August 24, 2025

      Migration slower then both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Nisha
    February 25, 2025

    Ok

    • BANWARI lal khatana
      February 27, 2025

      Well done 👍

  • Shreeji Charan
    February 26, 2025

    Was right

  • Suman bhakar
    February 26, 2025

    Ok

  • Parul
    February 26, 2025

    Okay sir. Easily understood.

  • Arushi
    February 26, 2025

    ☑️

  • Arushi
    February 26, 2025

    ☑️done

  • Pooja jat
    February 27, 2025

    Done.

  • Lavanya Sharma
    February 27, 2025

    Good explaination.

  • Prami Masih
    February 27, 2025

    Okay sir

    • Aafreen
      August 16, 2025

      Ans-a
      In a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) the migration rate of a molecule is based on its size and shape.

  • Ujjwal
    February 27, 2025

    Nice question

  • Ujjwal
    February 27, 2025

    Done 👍

  • yogesh sharma
    February 27, 2025

    Easily explained sir

  • Abhilasha
    March 1, 2025

    Got it sir 👍🏻

  • Lokesh kumawat
    March 1, 2025

    Done

  • VIKRAM GAHLOT
    March 7, 2025

    ok sir

  • Anita Choudhary
    April 18, 2025

    Done

  • Mohd juber Ali
    August 14, 2025

    Option (a)
    Free oligonucleotides ka m.w. kam hota h fast move karta hai if add protein complex with oligonucleotides then m.w. increase and slow migration

    • Shrddha Modi
      August 18, 2025

      A

  • Khushi Agarwal
    August 14, 2025

    Option A is correct
    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.
    Free oligo – fastest
    Oligo + protein (mw,size ) increase – slower
    Oligo + protein+ antibody- slowest

  • Dharmpal Swami
    August 14, 2025

    PAGE molecules migrate based on size and charge

  • Aman Choudhary
    August 14, 2025

    option A is correct because by addition of protein and antibody on free oligo slowdown the movement

  • Sneha Kumawat
    August 14, 2025

    The correct answer is A, when an antibody binds to the protein oligonucleotide complex the complex size further the increases

  • Neelam Sharma
    August 14, 2025

    Migration slower than both of the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex

  • Mansukh Kapoor
    August 14, 2025

    The correct answer is option 1st
    It moves slower than the free oligonucleotide and the protein complex

  • Soniya Shekhawat
    August 14, 2025

    Answer is 1st 👍🏻and their explanation is very easy to understand and no one can teach like this that clear all topics in classroom with there all type of question within simultaneously, great Sir 🙏🏻

  • Dipti Sharma
    August 14, 2025

    1. Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Manisha gujar
    August 14, 2025

    Slow migration from both free and untreated oligonucleotide

  • Karishma
    August 14, 2025

    oligo with antibody and protein complex migrates more slower than with oligo+protein complex

  • Priti khandal
    August 14, 2025

    option A is right because oligonucleotide fast and oligonucleotide +protein slow and oligonucleotide +protein +antibody is slowestm

  • Priya khandal
    August 14, 2025

    Done sir bahut acche se explain Kiya Hai

  • Roopal Sharma
    August 14, 2025

    Migrate slower

  • Shivani
    August 15, 2025

    Option A is correct

  • Mitali saini
    August 16, 2025

    (a) Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Divya rani
    August 16, 2025

    Binding is increase due to oligonucleotide+protein + antibody so weight and size will also increase then the migration is become very slow so this complex is the slowest.

  • Payal
    August 17, 2025

    A. Free oligonucleotide move fast M. W. Low and oligonucleotide+protein+antibody move slow M. W. Increase

  • Sheikh Aleen
    August 17, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Kajal
    August 17, 2025

    Option – a
    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex

  • Avni
    August 17, 2025

    It will migrate slower than both the free Oligonucleotide and untreated complex

  • Simran Saini
    August 18, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free Oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Shrddha Modi
    August 18, 2025

    Because it Becomes heavier than oligannucleotide and Untreated complex. Option A

  • Meenakshi Choudhary
    August 19, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Deepika Sheoran
    August 19, 2025

    Slow migration from both the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex.

  • Manisha choudhary
    August 20, 2025

    Doen sir
    Specific protein jo loigonucleotide binding protein complex s bind krta h tooo iska weight free loigonucleotide and loigonucleotide binding protein complexe s jyada hoga too y in dono s hi slow move krega
    Answer a hoga

  • Bhavana kankhedia
    August 24, 2025

    migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Bharti Yadav
    August 24, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Priyanka Choudhary
    August 24, 2025

    A is right answer,Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Priyanka Choudhary
    August 24, 2025

    Right answer is option a,Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Urmi sisodiya
    August 24, 2025

    When antibody binds to Protein and oligonucleotide then the complex size gets increased result in less migration and covered less distance

  • Sonam Saini
    August 24, 2025

    Option a is right

  • Alec
    August 24, 2025

    option a – The antibody treated complex will move slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Priya dhakad
    August 24, 2025

    Option – a
    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex

  • Anjali
    August 24, 2025

    Ans is a. Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Falguni Prakash
    August 24, 2025

    A

  • Sakshi
    August 24, 2025

    option a is correct
    Migrate slower than both free oligo nucleotide and untreated complex

  • Devika
    August 25, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Kashish yadav
    August 25, 2025

    Ok sir

  • sakshi khatri
    August 25, 2025

    done

  • Vijay kumar Meena
    August 25, 2025

    A ✔️

  • Ayush Dubey
    August 25, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • shruti sharma
    August 25, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex

  • Yogita
    August 27, 2025

    Migration slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the unknown untreated

    • Monika meena
      August 27, 2025

      Migrate slower than both free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex ✅

  • Surendra Doodi
    August 27, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Pratibha Jain
    August 30, 2025

    Correct answer is option (a)
    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Anisha Beniwal
    August 30, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • anjani sharma
    August 30, 2025

    Answer a
    Slow migration from both the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex.

  • Vanshika Sharma
    August 31, 2025

    Migrate slower in both the free oligonucleotide and untreated complex

  • Shobha Kanwar
    August 31, 2025

    The correct answer is A, when an antibody binds to the protein oligonucleotide complex the complex size further the increases

  • Asha Gurzzar
    September 1, 2025

    A is correct

  • Akshita Jangid
    September 1, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide 

  • Anisha jakhar
    September 3, 2025

    (a) Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Muskan Yadav
    September 3, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Ajay Sharma
    September 4, 2025

    Treated complex will become heavier and less faster

  • Somya Yadav
    September 5, 2025

    Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

  • Aakansha sharma Sharma
    October 1, 2025

    The correct answer is:

    ✅ (a) Migrate slower than both the free oligonucleotide and the untreated complex.

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