radio-labeled nucleotides followed by urea PAGE

In an invitro experiment using radio-labeled nucleotides, a researcher is trying to analyze the possible products or DNA replication by resolving the products using urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In one experimental setup RNase-1 was added

(Set 1), while in another set no RNase II was added (Set 2) The possible observations of this experiment could be

 

(1) There is no difference in the mobility of labelled DNA fragments between the Set 1 and Set 2
(2) There is distinct difference in the mobility of the newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments between Set and Set 2
(3) The mobility of the newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments in case of Set 1 is faster as compared to the Set 2
(4) The mobility of the newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments in case of Set 1 is slower as compared to the Set 2 Which of the following combinations represent correct observations? (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 4 (d) 2 and 4

Correct Answer:

(b) 2 and 3

Explanation:

The experiment involves DNA replication with radio-labeled nucleotides, followed by urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to resolve the products. The key difference between Set 1 and Set 2 is the addition of RNase I in Set 1, which specifically degrades RNA strands in RNA-DNA hybrids.

During DNA replication, Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand contain RNA primers at their 5′ ends. If RNase I is added in Set 1, it will remove these RNA primers, leaving only DNA fragments. In Set 2 (without RNase I), the RNA primers remain attached to the newly synthesized DNA fragments.

Possible Observations:

  1. There is a distinct difference in mobility between Set 1 and Set 2 (Correct – Option 2)

    • Set 1 (RNase-treated): DNA fragments will be shorter because RNA primers are removed.
    • Set 2 (No RNase treatment): DNA fragments will still have RNA primers attached, making them larger and affecting gel mobility.
  2. The mobility of newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments in Set 1 is faster compared to Set 2 (Correct – Option 3)

    • Smaller DNA fragments move faster in polyacrylamide gel. Since Set 1 has RNA primers removed, the DNA fragments are smaller and migrate faster than those in Set 2.
    • In Set 2, RNA primers make the fragments larger and more structured, slowing their movement.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

  • Option 1 (“No difference in mobility”) is incorrect: There will be a difference because RNA primers add extra weight and structure to the DNA in Set 2.
  • Option 4 (“Slower mobility in Set 1”) is incorrect: The opposite is true; Set 1 fragments are faster since they are shorter.

Conclusion:

RNase I digestion leads to faster migration of DNA fragments in Set 1, confirming that RNA primers impact mobility in electrophoresis. Thus, the correct combination is (b) 2 and 3.

67 Comments
  • Lokesh kumawat
    February 28, 2025

    Done

  • Nisha
    February 28, 2025

    Done

  • Priya khandal
    February 28, 2025

    Ok Sir

  • Rohit Meena
    February 28, 2025

    OK sir 👍

  • Rohit Meena
    February 28, 2025

    👍

  • Abhilasha
    March 1, 2025

    Ok sir 👍🏻

  • Priya khandal
    March 2, 2025

    Done sir

  • Sumit Sultan
    March 3, 2025

    Ok Sir.. 🙌🙌

  • Ashok
    March 3, 2025

    Nice 👍

  • Suman bhakar
    March 3, 2025

    👍👍

  • VIKRAM GAHLOT
    March 3, 2025

    ok sir

  • Kabeer Narwal
    March 18, 2025

    👍👍

  • Ashok Meena
    March 24, 2025

    Done sir

  • Arushi
    April 1, 2025

    👍✔️

  • Aarti Sain
    July 29, 2025

    👍🏻👍🏻

  • Khushi Vaishnav
    July 30, 2025

    Faster migration of DNA fragments in Set 1 rather than set 2

  • Dp
    August 1, 2025

    Rnase cleave the primer then fragments are short in set 1 compair then set 2
    So set1 are fast moving

  • Mitali
    August 14, 2025

    Done sir

  • Asha gurzzar
    August 14, 2025

    B option is correct, because rnase degrade newly synthesized rna and the 1st tube hybrid rna will move fast compare to second,and this cause difference in mobility of rna fragments

  • Aman Choudhary
    August 14, 2025

    option b is correct
    Rnase 1 cut the primer so mw in set1 is low than the 2nd set so by low MW the set 1 band is faster than set 2 and in mobility difference is shown

  • Savita Garwa
    August 14, 2025

    Done sir

  • Deepika Sheoran
    August 14, 2025

    Option b is correct
    Because Rna leads to Faster migration of DNA fragments set 1 but Rna primer impact mobility in electrophoresis.

  • Khushi Singh
    August 14, 2025

    Done

  • Soniya Shekhawat
    August 14, 2025

    Done sir 👍🏻

    • Priyanka Choudhary
      August 24, 2025

      Correct answer is option b because of this
      Faster migration of DNA fragments

  • Khushi Mehra
    August 14, 2025

    RNAse remove the primer from DNA which reduce the size of DNA and migration will be faster.

  • Roopal Sharma
    August 14, 2025

    B option is correct

  • Dipti Sharma
    August 14, 2025

    (b) 2 and 3
    Set1 moves Faster than set 2

  • Parul Yadav
    August 14, 2025

    Newly synthesized DNA which have intact primers (no RNAase) moves slower than DNA without primers as cleaved by the RNAase.

  • Shivani
    August 14, 2025

    Set 1 moves faster than set 2
    Statement 2&3 are correct

  • Priya khandal
    August 14, 2025

    Done sir

  • Kajal
    August 15, 2025

    Statement 2 Nd 3 is correct

  • Khushi Agarwal
    August 15, 2025

    Set 1 me primer remove fragment chhota← faster migration
    Set 2 me primer present → fragment bada ← slower migration.
    Isliye dono sets me mobility me clear difference dikhega.
    2 and 3 are correct answer

  • Neelam Sharma
    August 15, 2025

    b) 2 and 3

  • Aafreen
    August 17, 2025

    Ans- B

  • Sneha .......
    August 17, 2025

    Answer is d

  • Simran Saini
    August 17, 2025

    2 and 3

  • Neeraj Sharma
    August 17, 2025

    RNAase will remove the RNA primer hence results in shorter DNA fragments in set 1 as in set 2 no RNAase is added so the RNA primer will remain attached hence results in larger fragments. And as we know that shorter fragments move faster than larger fragments in gel electrophoresis the fragments of set 1 will move faster than the fragments of set 2

  • Seema
    August 18, 2025

    Done

  • Komal Sharma
    August 19, 2025

    RNase I digestion leads to faster migration of DNA fragments in Set 1, confirming that RNA primers impact mobility in electrophoresis so option 2 and 3 r correct

  • Varsha tatla
    August 23, 2025

    Clear

  • Bharti Yadav
    August 24, 2025

    (2) There is distinct difference in the mobility of the newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments between Set and Set 2
    (3) The mobility of the newly synthesized labeled DNA fragments in case of Set 1 is faster as compared to the Set 2

  • Urmi
    August 24, 2025

    In first tube RNase is added so degradation of dna occur result in faster migration and in second tube no RNase added so no degradation and result in slower migration

  • MOHIT AKHAND
    August 24, 2025

    Good one sir 😊

  • Anil Choudhary
    August 24, 2025

    Right answer 2&3

  • Priya dhakad
    August 24, 2025

    In 1st set RNase added so migration is fast compared to set 2nd because RNase is not present in set 2nd so degradation are not occur nd migration is slow. option b is correct.

  • Alec
    August 24, 2025

    correct ans. is option b – 2 and 3

  • Anjali
    August 24, 2025

    Correct answer is option b.

  • Sonam Saini
    August 24, 2025

    Right answer B

  • Sakshi
    August 24, 2025

    Option b is correct

  • Devika
    August 24, 2025

    Answer b. 2nd 3 bcz in set 1 rna primers are degraded and set 2 rna primers remains attached

  • Falguni Prakash
    August 24, 2025

    B

  • Varsha Tatla
    August 24, 2025

    In set 1#primer removal part small it means fast migration
    In set 2#primer removal part large it means slow migration .thus , diffrence clearly visible between both bands

  • Kashish yadav
    August 25, 2025

    Ok sir

  • Ayush Dubey
    August 25, 2025

    Option B

  • Pratibha Jain
    August 30, 2025

    Correct answer is option (b)
    2 and 3 In 1st set RNase added so migration is fast compared to set 2nd because RNase is not present in set 2nd so degradation are not occur nd migration is slow

  • Shriyanshi verma
    August 30, 2025

    Faster migration of DNA fragments in Set 1 rather than set 2

  • anjani sharma
    August 30, 2025

    B would be correct
    Newly synthesized DNA which have intact primers (no RNAase) moves slower than DNA without primers as cleaved by the RNAase.

  • Gayatri Nama
    August 30, 2025

    There is a distinct difference in mobility between set 1 and set 2 (correct option 2)
    Set 1 . Rnase treated -DNA fragments will be shorter because RNA primers are removed.
    Set 2. (No Rnase treatment)-DNA fragment will still have RNA primers attached , making them larger and affecting gel mobility.
    The mobility of newly synthesized labeled dna fragments in set 1 is faster compared to set 2 (correct -option 3)
    Smallar dna fragments move faster in polycrylamide gel . Since set 1 has RNA primers removed, the DNA fragments are smaller and migrate faster than those in set2.
    In set 2 ,RNA primers make the fragments larger and more .

  • Swati Choudhary
    August 31, 2025

    statement 2 and 3 are correct . set 2nd will move slower in comparison to set 1 because in set 2 RNA primers are attached making them heavy and hence they move slower.

  • Shobha Kanwar
    August 31, 2025

    RNase I digestion leads to faster migration of DNA fragments in Set 1, confirming that RNA primers impact mobility in electrophoresis so option 2 and 3 r correct

  • Ajay Sharma
    September 2, 2025

    Because of rnase okazaki fragments will be removed in set 1 making it more mobile in gel

  • Anisha jakhar
    September 3, 2025

    Option b

  • Muskan Yadav
    September 3, 2025

    2 and 3 option is correct because Rnase 1 degrades the RNA strands in RNA DNA hybrid and in set 2 RNA primers remain attached to the newly synthesized dna fragments.

  • Somya Yadav
    September 5, 2025

    Done ✅

  • Aakansha sharma Sharma
    October 1, 2025

    RNAase will remove the RNA primer hence results in shorter DNA fragments in set 1 as in set 2 no RNAase is added so the RNA primer will remain attached hence results in larger fragments. And as we know that shorter fragments move faster than larger fragments in gel electrophoresis the fragments of set 1 will move faster than the fragments of set 2

  • Harish Kumar
    November 18, 2025

    B option is correct

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