22. Reserpine, a drug used for treating mental disorders and high blood pressure, is extracted from the roots of which of the following plant species?
(1) Ferulo (2) Rouwolfro
(3) Digitalis (4) Atropa
Correct answer: (2) Rauwolfia
Explanation:
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Reserpine is an indole alkaloid drug primarily extracted from the roots of plants belonging to the genus Rauwolfia, especially Rauwolfia serpentina (Indian Snakeroot).
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(1) Ferula is a genus known for resinous products but not reserpine.
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(3) Digitalis is the source of digitalin and digitoxin, cardiac glycosides.
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(4) Atropa (e.g., Atropa belladonna) produces alkaloids such as atropine but not reserpine.
Option-wise:
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(1) Ferula — Incorrect.
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(2) Rauwolfia — Correct.
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(3) Digitalis — Incorrect.
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(4) Atropa — Incorrect.
Reserpine is a bioactive alkaloid derived mainly from the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina, a medicinal plant known for its therapeutic applications in treating hypertension and mental disorders, distinct from Digitalis or Atropa species.
