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52. Which or the following factors is known to be involved Postponing programmed cell death in cereal aleuroneuntil endosperm mobilization is complete? (1) Gibberellic acid (2) Abscisic acid (3) Acidic pH of the vacuoles (4) c-GMP mediated signal transduction pathway

Abscisic Acid’s Role in Postponing Programmed Cell Death in Cereal Aleurone Cells

51. Which one of the following statements about phytohormone ABA is correct? (1) High level of ABA predominantly promotes vivipary. (2) ABA-Beeta-D-glucosyl ester is an active form of ABA. (3) Inactivation of ABA involves its oxidation to phaseic acid. (4)ABA biosynthesis occurs entirely in the plastids.

Abscisic Acid (ABA) Inactivation

50. Following are certain facts about the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on the development and physiological effect of plants: A. ABA promotes leaf senescence independent of ethylene B. ABA promotes shoot growth and inhibits root growth at low water potential. C.ABA inhibits gibberellin induced enzyme production D. Seed dormancy is controlled by ratio of ABA and gibberllin Which one of the following combination of above statements is true? (1) A, B and C (2) B, C and D (3) A, B and D (4) A, C and D

Abscisic Acid Effects on Plant Development: Leaf Senescence, Gibberellin Inhibition, and Seed Dormancy Control

49. A plant hormone that promotes the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in developing seed is (1) ABA (2) Ethylene (3) IAA (4) GA3.

Abscisic Acid Promotes Desiccation Tolerance in Developing Seeds

48. Abscisic acid can be degraded by (1) Oxidation and reduction (2) Reduction and conjugation (3) Oxidation and conjugation (4) Light and reduction

Abscisic Acid Degradation in Plants

47. Which of the following DONOT occur during seed development? (1) Accumulation of storage proteins (2) Synthesis of LEA proteins (3) Desiccation (4) Synthesis of Gibberellic acid

Key Processes in Seed Development

46. A protein especially abundant in desiccated seeds and also help in osmotic adjustment (1) LEA (2) HSP (3) Globin (4) alpha-amylase

Abundant in Desiccated Seeds and Key for Osmotic Adjustment

45. Which hormone induces formation of Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) protein during seed maturation? (1) Gibberellic acid (2) Ethylene (3) Abscisic acid (4) Cytokinin

Abscisic Acid Induces LEA Protein Formation During Seed Maturation

44. The phytohormone responsible for deposition of storage reserves, prevention of precocious germination, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and induction of primary dormancy in seeds is (1) Gibberlic Acid (2) Ethylene (3) Abssicic acid (4) Cytokinin

The Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy, Storage Reserve Deposition, and Desiccation Tolerance

43. Which hormone is responsible for opening and closing of stomata? (1) ABA (2) IAA (3) Cytokinin (4) Ethylene

The Key Hormone Regulating Stomatal Opening and Closing

42. Which hormone play important role in water stress in plants? (1) Abscisic acid (2) Ethylene (3) Gibberellic acid (4) Auxin

Central Plant Hormone for Water Stress Response and Adaptation

41. Hormone responsible for maturation of Embryo is- (1) Abscisic acid (2) Gibberellic acid (3) Ethylene (4) Auxin

The Plant Hormone Responsible for Embryo Maturation

40. Which of the following is the plant hormone involved in seed and bud dormancy and in response of plants to stress? (1) Abscisic acid (2) Cytokinin (3) Auxins (4) Gibberellins

Key Plant Hormone for Seed and Bud Dormancy and Stress Response

39. Plants make several hormones that are important for growth and development. Some statements on plant hormones are given below: A. Auxin is produced primarily in the root apices B.Cytokinins are a smaller group of related compounds C.Gibberellins are a large group of related compounds defined not by their biological functions but by their structures. D.Brassinosteroids are an important class of plant hormones, which control a broad spectrum of developmental reposes including pollen tube growth. Which one of the following combination of the above statements is correct? (1) A, B and C (2) B, C and D (3) A, C and D (4) A, B and D

Key Sites of Plant Hormone Production

38. S-adenosyl methionine is a precursor of which plant hormone? (1) Absiccic acid (2) Auxin (3) Ethylene (4) Cytokinin

SAM as a Key Precursor in Ethylene Biosynthesis Pathway

37. Aspirin delays senescence in cut parts of plant and keeps flower fresh for longer time The effect of aspirin (1) by decreasing the synthesis of ethylene. (2) by increasing the synthesis of absicicic acid (3) by increasing the synthesis of cytokinins (4) by increasing the synthesis of gibberlic acid

Aspirin Delays Plant Senescence by Inhibiting Ethylene Synthesis

36. For which one of the plant hormone biosynthetic pathways, 1-aminocyclo- propane- 1 -carboxylic acid is an intermediate? (1) Abscisic acid (2) Brassinosteroid (3) Ethylene (4) Gibberellic acid

Key Intermediate in Ethylene Biosynthesis Pathway

35. The hormone responsible for leaf epinasty(curvature) in flooding-sensitive plants such as tomato is (1) abscisic acid (2) auxin (3) ethylene (4) gibbrellic acid

Ethylene Hormone Induces Leaf Epinasty in Flooding-Sensitive Tomato Plants

34. Plant hormone responsible fruit ripening is (1) Auxin (2) Gibberellic acid (3) Abscisic acid (4) Ethylene

The Principal Plant Hormone Responsible for Fruit Ripening

33. Following statements were made regarding gibberellins (GA) biosynthesis in plants and fungi. (A) Two separate enzymes are involved in synthesis of ent-kaurene from GGDP in plants (B) Only a single bifunctional enzyme catalyses the synthesis of net- kaurene from GGDP in fungi (C) GA-biosynthesis genes are mostly clustered on a single chromosome in fungi. (D) GA-biosynthesis genes are randomly located on chromosomes in fungi. Which one of the following combination of statements is correct? (1) A, B and C only (2) A, B and D only (3) B and C only (4) A and D only

Comparison of Gibberellin Biosynthesis Pathways and Gene Organization in Plants and Fungi

32. The plant hormone gibberellins (GA) are a group of (1) Monoterpenes (C10) (2) Diterpenes (C20), (3) Triterpenes (C30) (4) Sequiterpenes (C15)

Gibberellins as Diterpene Plant Hormones

31. Out of several gibberllins identified in plants, which one of the following is NOT bioactive (1) GA1 (2) GA3 (3) GA4 (4) GA5

Bioactive and Non-Bioactive Gibberellins

30. The plant hormone, Gibberellic Acid is generally NOT associated with (1) stem elongation. (2) Parthenocarpy (3) parthenogenesis (4) malt production

Gibberellic Acid Functions

29. A farmer growing a particular variety of grape plants in vineyard, observes the following: (A)Fruit size normally remained small. (B) Natural seed abortion. (C) Development of fungal infection as the pedicels are small in size due to which moisture is retained in the bunches of grapes. Experts suggested spraying gibberellic acid during the fruit development. This treatment would help in getting rid of (1) A, B and C (2) only A and B (3) only A and C (4) only B and C

Gibberellic Acid Induces Alpha-Amylase Gene Expression

28. Gibberellic acid (GA) controls seed germination by directing breakdown of the stored starch. In which one of the following tissues of the barley seed, alpha-amylase gene is induced in response to GA? (1) Endosperm (2) Coleoptile (3) Aleurone layer (4) Embryo

Alpha-Amylase Gene Induction

27. Which one of the following statements regarding seed germination of a wild type plant is NOT correct? (1) Low ABA and high bioactive GA can break seed dormancy. (2) Light accompanied with high temperature can break seed dormancy. (3) GA induces synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes in cereal grains (4) Degradation of carbohydrates and storage proteins provide nourishment and energy to support seedling growth.

Seed Germination in Wild Type Plants

26. The dwarf pea mutant (le) used by Mendel was defective in which of the following enzyme involved in gibberellin biosynthesis? (1) ent-Kaurene synthase. (2) GA 3 beeta-hydroxylase. (3) GA 20-oxidase. (4) ent-Kaurenoic acid hydroxylase.

Mendel’s Dwarf Pea Mutant and Defect in Gibberellin 3 Beta-Hydroxylase Enzyme

25. Which plant hormones signal transduction pathway includes genes 'rht, 'spy', 'gai'? (1) Auxin (2) Gibberlicacid (3) Abscisic acid (4) Ethylene

Plant Hormone Signal Transduction Pathway Genes

24 During germination of seeds, after imbibition of water first step would be (1) Mobilization of reserve food (2) Transcription of specific genes (3) Cell division (4) Embryo differentiation

Activation of Gene Transcription

23. Among the following which is not involved in plant defense signaling pathway (1) Gibberellic acid (2) Ethylene (3) Salicylic acid (4) Jasmonic acid

Plant Defense Signaling Pathways

22. Gibberellic acid activates alpha-amylase activity in (1) Endosperm (2) Aleuronic layer (3) Cotyledons (4) Embryo

Plant growth regulator Gibberellic acid

21 .During germination of barley seeds, enzymes for mobilization of reserve material to developing embryo are secreted from (1) Endosperm (2) Embryo (3) Aleurone layer (4) Embryonic leaves

Enzyme-Secreting Tissue in Germinating Barley Seeds

20. Gibberellic acid stimulates seed germination in monocots by activation of digestive enzymes by acting on (1) Endosperm (2) Aleurone layer (3) Embryo (4) Cotyledons

Gibberellic Acid Action on the Aleurone Layer During Monocot Seed Germination

19. Among the following which hormone can induce flowering in short day plants grown even under long duration of light (1) Gibberllic acid (2) Auxins (3) Cytokinin (4) Abscisic acid

Gibberellic Acid-Induced Flowering in Short Day Plants

18. Which plant growth regulator is involved in activating alpha-amylase activity in germinating seeds? (1) Auxin (2) Cytokinin (3) Gibberlic acid (4) Brassinosteroids

Regulator is involved in activating alpha-amylase activity

17. Hydrolysis of stored proteins produced free amino acids which can be used for glucose biosynthesis. Phytohormone responsible for conversion of stored protein into glucose by activating in germinating cereals is- (1) Cytokinin (2) Auxin (3) Gibberellin (4) Abscissic Acid

Gibberellin-Controlled Protein Mobilization

16. The dwarfing gene which was responsible for green revolution is involved in signaling of which plant hormone? (1) Gibberlic acid (2) Cytokinin (3) Absicic acid (4) Ethylene

Gibberellin Signaling in Semi-Dwarf Crops

15. Mobilization of starch by alpha amylase activity is induced by (1) Auxin (2) Cytokinin (3) Gibberellic acid (4) Ethylene

Gibberellic Acid-Induced α-Amylase Activity

14. Which one of the following statements related to components/features of senescence in plants is INCORRECT? (1) Programmed cell death in plants may generate functional cells or tissues. (2) Senescence can be induced by application of cytokinins and delayed by overexpression of salicylic acid. (3) Plants defective in autophagy demonstrate accelerated plant senescence. (4) Leaf senescence is regulated by NAC and WRKY gene families.

Key Regulatory Components of Plant Leaf Senescence and Programmed Cell Death

13. Transgenic tobacco plants over-expressing isopentenyl transferase (IPT) under the control of promoter region of Senescence Associated Receptor kinase (P SARK) were exposed to drought for 15 days followed by re-watering for 7 days. The following hypotheses were proposed regarding changes in the transgenic plants at the end of 7 days of re-watering: A. The plants would be wilted and fail to survive, B. The plants would be healthy and survive. C. The plants would show higher production of cytokinin compared to wild type plants. D. The plants would show higher production of absicic acid compared to wild type plants. Which one of the following combinations of the above hypotheses is correct? (1)A and C (2) A and D (3) B and C (4) B and D

PSARK::IPT Transgenic Tobacco

12. Agrobacterium tumefacienscauses crown gall diseases in dicot plants. Which phytohormone genes are present of T-DNA? (1) Auxin and cytokinin (2) Auxin only (3) Cytokinin only (4) Cytokinin and Gibberellic acid

Phytohormone Genes Carried on Agrobacterium tumefaciens

11. Gibberllin treatment to grape plants leads to (1) Fruit ripening (2) Seedless fruit (3) Cell division (4) Leaf fall

Effect of Gibberellin Treatment on Grape Plant

10. A transgenic lettuce plant was generated by over expressing isopentenyl transferase (IPT) gene under the control of the promoter of senescence activator gene (SAG12). Following are some statements regarding this transgenic plant. The transgenic plants A. exhibit delayed senescence. B. exhibit fast senescence. C. have higher amount of cytokinin during senescence. D. have higher amount of gibberellins during senescence. Which one of the following combinations of above statements is correct? (1) A and B (2) A and C (3) B and D (4) C and D

Senescence-Activated SAG12

9. Which one of the following statements is correct for the transport of cytokinin in plants? (1) It takes place only from root to shoot. (2) it takes place only from shoot to root (3) Root and shoot make their own cytqk,n, therefore. no transport is required. (4) Transport can occur from root to shoot and vice versa.

Direction of Cytokinin Transport in Plants

8. The plant hormones, auxins and cytokinins, and their interactions play an important role in regulating apical dominance_ The following figure represents a" experiment related to the study of gene interactions that influence axillary bud outgrowth or dormancy. Q,Z and M represent genes involved Phytohorrnone pathway. Based on the above figure, the following statements were made: A. 'X' is an auxin that maintains expression of 'Q' and 'Z' and represses 'M'. B. 'Y' is a cytokinin that promotes axillary bud growth and is induced by 'M'. C Decapitation (removal of apex) activates} D. 'X' is a cytokinin that represses 'M'. 'X' Which one of the following options represents correct staternent(s)? (1) A and C only (2) B and D only (3) A and B only (4) C only

Auxin–Cytokinin Interactions in Apical Dominance and Axillary Bud Outgrowth

7. The following statements are made regarding cytokinin (CE) biosynthesis plants: A.Trans-zeatin (tZ) and iso-pentenyladenile (iP) are common active forms of isoprenoid CKs. B. CKs are present as nucleoside and glycosidic conjugates but not as nucleotide conjugates. C. Dephosphorylation and deribosylation Steps are involved in two-step pathway for active CK formation. D. Lonely Guy (LOG) enzyme , involved in CK metabolism Which one of the following options represents the combination of all correct statements? (1)A, B and C (2) A, Band D (3) A, C and D(4) B, C and D

Cytokinin Biosynthesis Plants

6.Cytokinin synthesis is maximum in (1) Roots (2) Leaves (3) Shoots tip (4) Fruits

Cytokinin synthesis

5. A young dicot seedling (e.gsoyabean) is subjected tc gravity stimulus by laying it horizontally on a surface the shoot bends upwards and root bends downward. Indicate the reason. (1) Redistribution of auxin throughout the seedlings is responsible for stimulatory unequal growth in shoots and roots. (2) Redistribution of auxin in shoots while cytokinine in roots is responsible for stimulatory unequal growth. (3) Redistribution of auxin in roots while cytokinine in shoot is responsible for stimulatory unequal growth. (4) Redistribution of cytokinine throughout the seedlings is responsible for stimulatory unequal growth in shoots and roots.

Auxin Redistribution and Gravitropic Bending in Young Dicot Seedlings

4. The plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (I.) is ores,: in most plants. The structure of this hormone is related to which one of the following amino acids? (1) Glutamic acid (2) Aspartic acid (3) lysine (4) Tryptophan

Indole-3-Acetic Acid Structure

3. Bending of Oat coleoptiles tip toward source of unilateral light of wavelength 454 is due to (1) lateral distribution of auxin toward shaded area (2) Polar transport of auxin (3) Degradation of auxin toward light (4) Synthesis of auxin in shaded area

Lateral Auxin Redistribution and Phototropic Bending in Oat Coleoptiles

2. A tryptophan auxotroph in corn showed 50 times more accumulation of IAA then the normal. Probable explanation for this is (1) There exist another tryptophan independent pathway for IAA synthesis (2) IAA is probably inhibited by feedback mechanism (3) IAA was not oxidized (4) Deconjugation of ester linked IAA does not take place

Tryptophan Auxotroph in Corn

1. In plants IAA causes cell elongation due to - (1) Increase in pH of Apoplast (2) Increase in pH of cytoplasm (3) Decrease in pH of Apoplast (4) Increase in pH of cytoplasm

IAA causes cell elongation

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