84. Which one of the following process is NOT used to convert the hydrocarbons present in the
organic compounds to central metabolic intermediates?
A. Hydration
B. Extraction
C. Nitroreduction
D. Reductive dehydroxylation
Detailed Explanation:
The conversion of hydrocarbons present in organic compounds into central metabolic intermediates is a fundamental part of biochemical metabolism, especially in microorganisms that can degrade various organic pollutants. These conversions enable cells to utilize complex carbon sources by integrating them into common metabolic pathways such as the Krebs cycle or glycolysis.
Common Biochemical Processes Involved:
-
Hydration – This process involves the addition of water to unsaturated hydrocarbons, often converting alkenes into alcohols. This can be an important step in the microbial degradation of certain hydrocarbons.
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Nitroreduction – This involves the reduction of nitro groups (-NO₂) to amino groups (-NH₂), which is a typical transformation for nitroaromatic hydrocarbons, helping to detoxify and metabolize these compounds.
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Reductive Dehydroxylation – This process removes hydroxyl groups under reducing conditions and is useful in converting hydroxylated intermediates to more central metabolites.
Process That Is NOT Typically Involved:
B. Extraction
Extraction is not a biochemical transformation but rather a physical or chemical technique used in laboratory or industrial settings to isolate compounds. It does not modify the chemical structure of hydrocarbons or convert them into metabolic intermediates. Hence, it is not part of the enzymatic or microbial metabolic pathways.
Correct Answer: B. Extraction
This clearly differentiates physical processing methods from biochemical transformations used in metabolic pathways.
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